EXCHANGE 


/  c 


GOV.   EDWIN  S.   STUART, 

Who  Approved  the  Report  of  the  Commission,  and  Transferred  the 
Memorial  to  the  United  States. 


TVn  Ksy/y«  n  i  A  .    cj  nits  k>«*v|    ffr  &  mono.  L     Ctnirrutsi 


PENNSYLVANIA    AT    SALISBURY, 
NORTH    CAROLINA 


CEREMONIES  AT  THE 


J^ebtcation  of  tfje^emorial 


ERECTED  BY  THE  COMMONWEALTH  OF  PENNSYLVANIA 
IN  THE  NATIONAL  CEMETERY  AT 


SALISBURY,  NORTH  CAROLINA 


31n  ^emorp  of  tlje  J»ol&terg  of  Pennsipltiania 
in  tfje  Confeberate  l^ri^on  at 

^ortf)  Carolina 
1864  anb  1865 


1910 


Entered  according  to  the  Acts  of  Congress  by  the  Editor  and  Compiler,  Col. 
James  D.  Walker,  President  of  the  Pennsylvania  Salisbury  Memo 
rial  Commission. 


C.  E.  AUGHINBAUGKH. 

PRINTER  TO  THE  STATE  OP  PENNSYLVANIA, 
1912.  *''"' 


257246 


Pennsylvania  Salisbury  Memorial  Commission. 


THE  MEMBERS 


OF  THE 
PENNSYLVANIA    SALISBURY    MEMORIAL    COMMISSION. 


James  D.  Walker,  Knap's  Independent  Battery  "E"  Pennsylvania  Light 
Artillery. 

Harry  White,  Brevet  Brigade  General,  Pennsylvania  Volunteer  Infantry. 

*Ezra  H.  Ripple,  Co.  "K"  52d  Regiment,  Pennsylvania  Volunteer  In 
fantry. 

*  William  H.  Bricker,  Lieutenant  Co.  "B"  3rd  Regiment,  Pennsylvania 
Volunteer  Cavalry. 

Louis  R.  Fortescue,   Captain  IT.  S.  Signal  Corps. 


•Died,    NOT.   19th,    1909. 
*Died  April  26th,    1910. 


(3) 


(4) 


PREFACE. 


IX  the  year  1898,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Xaitional  Association  Union  Ex- 
Prisoners  of  War,  held  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  Mrs.  Lisbeth  Turner,  of 
Massachusetts  and  Chairman  of  the  Andersonville  Prison  Board  of  the 
Woman's  Relief  Corps  Auxiliary  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  Ap 
peared  before  the  National  Association  and  stated  that'  she  had  been  in 
structed  to  notify  the  National  Association  of  the  Union  Ex-Prisoners  of 
War,  that  the  Woman's  Relief  Corps  were  the  owners  of  all  of  the  ground 
within  the  original  stockade  of  the  Confederate  Prison  Pen  at  Anderson 
ville,  Georgia,  they  having  purchased  it  from  the  Department  of  Georgia 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  and  that  it  was  their  intention  to  inclose  it 
with  a  suitable  fence,  erect  ornamental  gates  at  the  Old  North  and  South 
entrances,  a  lodge  for  the  use  of  a  caretaker,  improve  and  beautify  the 
grounds,  erect  a  granite  building  over  that  Providential  appearing  stream  of 
cold  water  that  in  1864,  broke  through  the  trampled  and  hard  baked 
ground,  within  the  prison  bounds,  known  as  "Providence  Spring,"  and 
place  therein  a  beautiful  and  marble  and  granite  fountain,  and  requested 
the  co-operation  of  the  National  Association  Union  Ex-Prisoners  of  War. 
The  National  Association  cheerfully  acquiescd,  and  agreed  to  assume  the 
cost  and  responsibility  of  erecting  the  fountain.  James  Atwell,  National 
Commander,  Col.  James  D.  Walker,  Chairman,  Executive  Committee, 
Stephen  M.  Long  and  William  McKelvy,  were  appointed  a  committee  by 
the  National  Association,  to  secure  the  necessary  funds  and  erect  the 
fountain.  Under  their  supervision  and  direction,  the  work  was  contracted 
for,  erected  and  dedicated.  After  the  dedication  ceremonies  were  con 
cluded,  and  while  the  Committee  were  strolling  through  the  National  Ceme 
tery,  they  noticed  a  small  monument.  Upon  examination  it  proved  to 
have  been  erected  by  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  to  the  memory  of  her  sol 
diers,  who  died  in  the  Confederate  Prison  Pen  at  Andersonville,  and  are  in 
terred  in  the  National  Cemetery.  Then  and  there  it  was  resolved  by  the 
Pennsylvania  members  of  the  Committee,  that  the  memory  of  the  1,849  sol 
diers  of  Pennsylvania,  that  perished  in  the  Andersonville  Stockade  and 
were  buried  in  the  National  Cemetery  should  be  honored  by  the  erection  of 
a  monument,  or  memorial,  by  their  native  state. 

After  a  consultation  with  the  Hon.  M.  S.  Quay,  then  a  U.  S.  Senator 
from  Pennsylvania,  it  was  determined  that  memorials  should  be  erected 
to  the  memory  of  Pennsylvania's  Soldiers  who  perished  in  the  Prison  Pens 
and  Stockades  at  Andersonville,  Georgia,  Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  and 
Florence,  South  Carolina.  In  pursuance  of  which,  the  Prisoners  of  the 
War  Association  had  an  act  introduced  and  passed  by  the  Pennsylvania 

(5) 


o  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

Legislature  authorizing  the  erection  of  a  Memorial  in  the  National  Ceme 
tery  at  Anderson ville,  Georgia,  and  appropriating  moneys  therefore.  This 
memorial  was  dedicated  with  suitable  ceremonies  December  7,  1905,  Gov 
ernor  Samuel  W.  Penny  packer,  State  officials,  survivors  and  others  being 
present,  Hon.  James  D.  Walker,  President  of  the  Commission  presiding. 

At  the  session  in  1907  the  Legislature  passed  a  similar  act,  providing  for 
the  erection  of  a  memorial  to  the  same  purpose  in  the  National  Cemetery  at 
Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  thus  leaving  but  one  more  to  be  erected  at 
Florence,  S.  C.,  to  complete  and  carry  out  the  intent  of  the  Prisoners  of 
War  Association,  and  it  is  our  earnest  hope  that  the  next  Legislature  will 
appropriate  moneys  to  erect  a  memorial  at  Florence,  S.  C. 

BRIEF  HISTORICAL  ACCOUNT. 

Eleven  thousand,  seven  hundred  Soldiers  of  the  Union  Armies  who  died 
in  this  Prison  are  interred  in  the  eighteen  trenches  lying  to  the  Southeast 
of  this  memorial. 

As  no  burial  record  of  this  Prison  has  every  been  found  and  no  marks 
or  Head  boards  to  identify  the  individual  dead,  all  buried  there  are  classed 
as  "Unknown." 

A  hospital  record  contains  the  names  of  thirty-five  hundred  and  four  who 
died  in  the  Hospital.  Of  these,  seven  hundred  and  thrity-six  were  Penn- 
sylvauians.  In  the  same  ratio,  the  number  of  Pennsylvanians  interred  here 
would  be  twenty-four  hundred  and  fifty-seven.  No  other  Prison  or  Battle 
field  of  the  Civil  War  records  so  great  a  number  of  Pennsylvanians. 

No  epitaph  have  they  to  tell  their  tale 

Their  birth-place,    age   and  story   all   are  lost, 
Yet  rest  these  Heroes  as  within  the  vale, 

Those  sheltered  bodies  by  triumphal  arches  crossed. 

On  February  1,  1009,  Mr.  John  H.  Rieble,  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  read  in  place  an  act,  making  an  appropriation  for  trans 
porting  the  Pennsylvania  survivors  to  Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  to  attend 
the  dedication  of  a  memorial  being  erected  there  by  the  Salisbury  Memorial 
Commission,  and  for  the  expenses  of  the  Commission,  incident  thereto,  the 
act  passed  both  Houses  and  was  approved  by  Governor  Edwin  S.  Stuart, 
May  13,  1909. 

The  Commission  immediately  proceeded  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  the 
act,  by  securing  a  roster  of  all  living  Pennsylvania  Soldiers  that  were  con 
fined  in  Salisbury  Prison. 

PRELIMINARY  WORK. 

The  discovery  of  the  Pennsylvania  survivors  of  Salisbury  and  the  secur 
ing  of  their  names  and  addresses  was  a  very  onerous  task  and  the  Com 
mission  being  extremely  anxious  and  desirous  that  all  who  were  eligible  to 
participate  in  the  dedication  ceremonies  at  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  should  re 
ceive  at  the  very  earliest  moment,  such  information  as  would  enable  the 
survivors  to  join  the  movement  to  Salisbury,  and  on  request  the  Commis 
sion  would  furnish  them  with  blank  applications  for  transportation.  On 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT  SALISBURY.  7 

May  6,  1910,  the  newspaper  article  and  circular  following  was  sent  to  .ill 
the  newspapers  in  the  State,  through  the  Associated  Frees,  United  Press, 
County  and  City  papers,  Comraanderies  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  Posts  of  the 
Grand  Army,  Woman's  Relief  Corps,  Ladies  of  the  Grand  Army  Circles, 
Daughters  of  Veterans,  post  offices ,  etc.  In  response,  over  four  hundred 
requests  for  blanks  were  received  and  applications  were  sent  to  all  who 
requested  the  same.  A  large  number  were  never  returned  and  some  that 
were  not  elegible  under  the  act,  were  refused. 

WORK  OF  COMMISSION,    ERECTION  OF  MEMORIAL  AND  TRIP 
TO  SALISBURY',   NORTH  CAROLINA. 

During  the  session  of  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature  of  1907,  the  fol 
lowing  act  was  introduced,  authorizing  the  erection  of  a  memorial  to  the 
memory  of  the  Pennsylvania  dead  interred  in  the  National  Cemetery  at  Sal 
isbury,  North  Carolina,  who  died  in  the  Confederate  Prison  at  that  place 
while  confined  as  Prisoners  of  War,  and  appropriating  the  sum  of  $20,- 
000.00  for  that  purpose.  The  bill  passed  both  Houses  unanimously  and 
was  approved  June  13,  1907  by  Edwin  S.  Stuart,  Governor  and  on  Au 
gust  21,  1907  the  following  Commission,  each  of  whom  had  been  confined  in 
Confederate  Prisons  were  appointed  by  Gov.  Edwin  S.  Stuart  to  carry  out 
the  provisions  of  the  Act. 

Col.  James  D.  Walker,   of  Pittsburgh,   Pa. 

Gen.  Harry  White,  of  Indiana,  Pa. 

Capt  W.  H.  Bricker,  of  Beaver  Falls,  Pa. 

Capt.  Louis  R.  Fortescue,  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Col.  Ezra  H.  Ripple,  of  Scranton,  Pa. 

On  the  tenth  day  of  December  1907,  the  full  Commission  met  at  the  Sen 
ate  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  for  the  purpose  of  organization.  The  Commission 
organized,  by  the  election  of  James  D.  Walker,  President  Pro  tern.,  and 
Col.  Ezra  H.  Ripple  as  Secretary  and  Treasurer  Pro  tern.,  and  on  motion 
they  were  duly  elected  as  permanent  officers  of  the  Commission. 

At  this  meeting  the  Commission  decided  to  visit  Salisbury,  North  Caro 
lina  for  the  purpose  of  selecting  a  building  site  in  the  National  Cemetery. 

Committees  were  appointed  on  inscription,  securing  designs  of  the 
Memorial  to  be  erected,  and  to  confer  with  the  Quartermaster  General  of 
the  U.  S.  Army.  The  Commission  after  calling  upon  the  Governor  and 
Auditor  General  resolved  to  visit  Andersonville,  Georgia,  Chickamauga  and 
Gettysburg  Battlefields  for  the  purpose  of  examining  designs  of  monuments 
and  memorials  erected  at  those  places  and  the  materials  of  which  they 
were  constructed. 

The  different  committees  started  to  work  promptly  and  by  January  14, 
1908,  the  chairman  (Mr.  Fortescue)  of  the  Committee  to  meet  with  the 
Quartermaster  General  of  the  U.  S.  Army  was  able  to  report.  That  upon 
application  from  the  secretary  of  the  Commission  in  writing  a  letter  will  be 
given  the  Commission  to  the  Custodian  of  the  National  Cemetery  at  Salis 
bury,  N.  C.,  giving  permission  to  select  a  site  and  that  copies  of  the  in- 


8  PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

scriptions  to  be  placed  on  or  in  tbe  memorial  must  be  furnished  the  Quarter 
master  General  and  approved  by  him  before  being  placed  in  or  upon  the 
memorial,  in  order  that  nothing  objectionable  or  historically  inaccurate 
might  appear. 

On  April  IS,  1908  the  Commission  met  in  Salisbury,  I\.  C.,  and  selected 
a  site  in  the  plot  between  four  trees  situate  on  the  left  hand  side  of  the  main 
roadway,  and  near  the  Custodian's  lodge,  to  be  designated  on  diagram  as  "A" 
and  located  as  follows  with  regard  to  land  marks  in  vicinity  line,  21'  from 
the  center  of  roadway  to  southerly  line  and  30'  from  die  hedge  to  northerly 
side  of  lot,  being  about  40'  square  and  one  of  the  most  beautiful  locations  in 
the  cemetery.  The  Commission,  all  of  whom  were  present,  were  unani 
mously  in  favor  of  the  selection.  Permision  having  been  obtained  from 
the  Quartermaster  General  to  locate  the  memorial,  the  matter  of  inscrip 
tions  to  be  placed  in  or  upon  the  Memorial  was  taken  up  by  the  Commis 
sion.  The  committee  at  different  times  reported  quite  a  number,  some  in 
prose,  some  in  poetry,  all  of  them  being  excellent  and  full  of  the  most 
beautiful  sentiment,  patriotism  and  love  for  our  martyred  dead,  so  much 
so  that  the  Commission  found  it  a  very  hard  matter  indeed  to  make  a  selec 
tion.  Inscriptions  were  presented  for  the  consideration  of  the  Commis 
sion  by  Mr.  J.  E.  Barrett,  of  Scranton,  Pa.,  poem  and  prose,  Miss  Susan 
E.  Dickinson,  General  Harry  White  and  Capt.  Louis  R.  Fortescue ;  these 
and  a  number  of  others  were  presented  to  the  Quartermaster  General  for  his 
approval.  He,  for  various  reasons  assigned  by  him  or  his  representatives 
disapproved  them  all  and  for  weeks  by  correspondence  and  numerous  personal 
visits  to  die  Wfir  Department  with  revisions  of  the  original  inscriptions 
and  tbe  presentations  of  new  ones,  the  Commission  endeavored  to  comply 
with  the  conditions  demanded  by  him  and  ultimately  succeeded  in  securing 
the  approval  of  the  following. 

Tablet  No.  1. 

This  monument  is  erected  by  authority  of  an  Act  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Legislature,  approved  June  13,  1007,  to  commemorate  the  patriotic  devo 
tion,  heroism  and  self-sacrifice  of  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  Pennsylva 
nia  volunteers,  who  died  while  confined  as  prisoners  of  war  in  the  Confed 
erate  Military  Prison  at  Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  during  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion  and  were  interred  among  the  unKnown  Union  Soldiers  and  Sail 
ors  or  in  the  eighteen  trenches  southeast  of  this  monument.  A  grateful  Com 
monwealth  renders  this  tribute  to  Iheir  honor  and  memory. 

Tablet  No.  2. 

Many  Pennsylvania  soldiers  are  buried  here.  They  were  citizens  of  a 
State  whose  founders  came  across  the  sea  and  established  a  Commonwealth 
where  all  men  would  be  equal,  and  under  just  laws,  free  to  enjoy  their  in 
alienable  rights  in  the  pursuit  of  happiness,  unmolested  by  king  or  noble 
or  prejudiced  class. 

They  used  the  sword  only  to  preserve  the  peace  and  unity  of  their  coun 
try. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  9 

Twice  on  the  soil  of  their  State  were  crucial  struggles  for  the  Republic. 
First  at  Valley  Forge,  that  tested  the  courage  and  fortitude  of  the  patriot 
army,  then  at  Gettysburg,  that  proved  the  nation  could  not  be  broken. 

Respecting  the  example  of  the  Romans,  who  never  raised  emblems  of 
triumph  over  a  foe,  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania  erects  this  monu 
ment  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  dead,  and  not  as  a  commemoration  of 
victory. 

Their    memory    cannot    be    forgot, 

Forever    shall    men's    hearts    reverse 
Their   loyalty,    and    hold    this    spot 

Sacred,    because  they  perished   here. 

Tablet  No.  o. 
A  Reproduction  in  Bronze  of  Salisbury  Prison  and  Stockade. 

In  the  meantime,  and  during  the  long  and  vexatious  delay  caused  by  the 
Quartermaster  General  failing  to  approve  the  many  and  varied  inscriptions 
that  was  presented  to  him,  the  committee  on  designs  for  this  memorial  in 
vited  the  prominent  Granite,  Marble  and  Kronze  Monumental  Contractors, 
Firms  and  Sculptors  of  the  slates  to  suomit  models  or  colored  drawings  of 
designs  of  their  own,  of  granite,  marble  or  bronze  or  of  any  two  or  of  all 
of  these  materials  with  estimates  for  furnishing  material,  erecting  and 
fully  completeing  the  same  in  a  good  workmanlike  manner.  These  invita 
tions  were  answered  by  prospective  bidders  from  nine  states,  requesting  in 
formation  'that  would  enable  them  to  bid  intelligently.  This  was  furnished 
to  all  and  November  10,  1009,  was  selected  as  the  day  and  the  Ebbitt 
House,  Washington,  D.  C.,  as  the  place  for  selecting  the  design  and 
awarding  the  contract  by  the  Commission.  On  that  date,  and  at  the  place 
designated  the  Commission  met,  and  the  representatives  of  twenty-three 
firms  produced  models  or  colored  drawings  with  estimates  for  the  construc 
tion  of  the  same. 

Several  days  were  required  to  determine  and  adopt  a  design  suitable  to  the 
washes  and  desires  of  the  Commission.  The  necessary  elimination  reduced 
the  available  designs  to  three  and  as  only  one  of  them  could  be  selected,  the 
Lommission  after  mature  deliberation  decided  unanimously  that  of  these, 
the  designs  offered  by  Mr.  Carroll  J.  ('lark,  representing  Clark's  Monumental 
Vvorks  of  Americus,  Ga.,  was  nearer  the  ideals  of  the  Commission  than 
any  of  the  others  and  the  contract  was  awarded  to  Clark's  Monumental 
Works,  and  articles  of  agreement  between  them  and  the  Commission  were 
drawn  up  and  signed  by  both  parties  to  the  contract. 

A  copy  of  the  design  selected  and  adopted  by  the  Commission  was  filed 
with  the  Quartermaster  General  and  received  his  unqualified  approval.  The 
placing  of  the  legend,  "Death  before  Dishonor"  above  the  bronze  tablets  in 
the  interior  met  with  a  different  fate.  The  Commission  was  notified  that 
it  could  not  remain  and  orders  were  issued  by  him  to  stop  all  work  upon 
the  memorial  until  the  objectionable  words  were  effaced.  The  progress  of 
the  work  stopped  and  the  Commission  considered  the  advisability  of  taking 
issue  with  the  Quartermaster  General  but  as  the  memorial  was  nearing 
completion  and  any  contention  over  the  matter  with  the  Quartermaster  Gen- 


10  PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

eral  would  possibly  lead  to  a  further  delay,  it  was  deemed  advisable  to 
gracefully  submit  to  his  order  and  have  the  legend  obliterated,  hoping  that 
sometime  in  the  future  he  might  see  his  way  to  reconsider  his  present  order 
and  permit  the  words  to  be  replaced. 

The  erection  of  the  memorial  was  under  the  constant  supervision  of  the 
Commission  ;  from  the  time  the  earth  was  broken  until  the  statue  was  placed 
on  the  dome,  this  completing  the  whole  structure.  On  October  17,  1910, 
for  a  final  inspection  of  the  work  ithe  Committee  visited  Salisbury,  and  the 
following  is  an  extract  from  the  report  to  the  Commission. 

On  October  17,  1910,  a  careful  examination  and  inspection  of  the  exterior  and  interior 
of  the  menrnorial  of  the  bronze  statue  and  bronze  tablets  was  made,  and  we  find  the 
memorial  complete  in  all  its  parts,  and  the  work  done  in  a  good  and  workmanlike  manner 
according  to  the  original  and  modified  plans,  specifications  and  contract. 

J.    D.    WALKER, 
Signed  by  and 

LOUIS    R.    FORTESCUB. 

The  description  of  the  Memorial  follows: 

It  is  an  arcade  in  construction  with  circular  arched  entrances  from  the 
front  and  both  sides,  springing  from  pillars  and  caps  of  black  marble, 
heavily  buttressed  on  the  four  corners,  and  surmounted  by  a  dome  and 
bronze  figure  of  a  Prisoner  of  War. 

The  exterior  is  constructed  of  rock  faced  white  granite  from  the  cele 
brated  Mounty  Airy  Quarries,  N.  C.,  with  the  word,  Pennsylvania  in 
raised  block  letters  appearing  on  the  arch  in  front. 

The  interior,  the  floor,  sub-base,  wainscoting  and  moulding,  is  of  Geor 
gia  marble.  The  sides  are  of  Italian  marble  with  three  bronze  tablets  in 
serted  in  the  rear  wall. 

The  foundation  is  24'  square,  5'  below  grade,  and  2'  6"  above  same,  and 
is  constructed  entirely  of  concrete.  Rising  from  this,  is  three  steps  to  floor 
of  memorial  and  continuing  entirely  around,  thus  forming  a  sub-base  for 
the  superstructure.  The  heighth  of  the  memorial  is  32'  and  it  is  18'  square 
at  base  with  sod  terrace  3'  high,  the  whole  being  surmounted  with  a  dome 
and  on  top  of  which  a  bronze  statute  of  a  Prisoner  of  War  8'  high  is  placed. 

Opposite  the  front  and  side  entrances  there  are  three  marble  steps,  each  7" 
in  height,  6'  long,  rising  from  a  granolithic  walk,  extending  to  the  road 
way.  The  total  heighth  of  the  memorial  is  40'.  The  memorial  sets  in  the 
center  of  a  lot  40'  square. 

On  November  15,  1910  at  5:25  P.  M.  a  train  carrying  the  survivors  of 
Salisbury,  Governor  Edwin  S.  Stuart  and  his  staff,  the  Commission  and 
invited  guests  left  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  via  Northern  Central  and 
Southern  Railways,  arriving  at  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  about  three  hours  late  on 
the  morning  of  November  IGth. 

They  were  met  at  the  depot  by  Governor  TV.  W.  Kitchin,  of  North  Carolina 
and  his  staff,  Hon.  A.  L.  Smoot,  Mayor  of  Salisbury  and  Senator  Lee  S. 
Overman  with  a  large  committee  of  citizens  of  Salisbury,  a  delegation  of 
ladies,  Mrs.  Edwin  C.  Gregory  at  their  head  and  Camp  No.  319,  United 
Confederate  Veterans. 

Governor  Stuart,  his  staff  and  -the  male  members  of  the  guests  and  Com 
mission,  together  with  the  North  Carolina  State  Officials,  Mayor  of  Salis- 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY.  11 

bury  and  the  reception  committee  entered  automobiles  and  were  driven  around 
and  through  the  city,  while  the  ladies  of  our  party  were  taken  in  charge  by 
the  ladies  reception  committee,  entered  carriages  and  were  driven  through 
the  city  and  suburbs,  and  royally  entertained  by  them  during  the  day  and 
evening  at  their  homos  and  elsewhere. 

The  survivors  were  taken  in  charge  by  the  members  of  Camp  No.  319  U. 
C.  V.,  Captain  W.  B.  Coughenour  and  Captain  R.  F.  Price  commanding, 
and  as  their  guests  the  survivors  were  made  to  feel  that  they  surely  were  in 
the  hands  of  friends,  from  their  arrival  until  their  departure,  nothing  was 
left  undone  by  the  members  of  the  Confederate  Camp,  to  make  the  stay  of 
the  Yanks  in  Salisbury,  one  of  the  most  enjoyable  occasions  of  their  lives, 
and  ever  to  be  remembered  by  them. 

At  2  P.  M.  a  procession  was  formed  on  Main  Street.  It  consisted  of  the 
survivors,  ex-Confederates,  Gov.  W.  W.  Kitchin  and  staff,  Gov.  Stuart  and 
staff,  guests,  representatives  of  the  U.  S.  Army,  and  Commission  in  auto 
mobiles;  visiting  ladies  and  ladies  reception  committee  in  carriages,  and  citi 
zens  of  Salisbury.  A  company  of  North  Carolina  National  Guards,  the 
fourth  company  coast  artillery,  led  by  the  Salisbury  brass  band,  headed  the 
parade,  of  which  J.  Frank  Miller  was  Chief  Marshall,  assisted  by  a  number 
of  citizens  aides.  The  column  was  fully  a  mile  long. 

After  marching  through  the  streets  of  Salisbury  the  parade  ended  at  the 
Pennsylvania  Memorial  in  the  National  Cemetery  where  an  immense  con 
course  of  the  citizens  of  Salisbury,  Durham,  Raleigh  and  the  surrounding 
country  had  assembled,  and  with  a  close  and  respectful  attention  remained 
during  the  entire  proceedings. 

At  3  P.  M.  Hon.  James  D.  Walker,  President  of  the  Memorial  Commis 
sion  called  the  assemblage  to  order. 


(12) 


NEWSPAPER  ARTICLE  AND  CIRCULAR 

STATE   WILL   CARRY   FREE,    FORMER   WAR 
PRISONERS 


SOLDIERS  \YHO  WERE  CONFINED  IN  SALISBURY,   X.   C.,    WILL  GO  THERE 
IN  NOVEMBER.      SEND  IN  NAMES   BY   JULY   1. 


The  memorial  erected  by  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  National  ceme 
tery  at  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  to  the  memory  of  the  Pennsylvania  soldiers  who 
died  in  the  Confederate  prison  and  are  buried  in  the  National  cemetery,  is 
Hearing  completion,  and  will  be  dedicated  some  time  in  November,  on  a  day 
to  be  designated  by  the  Governor.  For  the  purpose  of  determining  how 
many  survivors  of  Pennsylvania's  commands  that  now  reside  in  Pennsyl 
vania,  who  were  confined  in  the  Confederate  prison  at  Salisbury,  and  are 
desirous  of  taking  advantage  of  the  act  providing  for  the  transportation  of 
the  survivors  from  the  railroad  station  nearest  to  their  homes  to  Salisbury 
and  return  the  commission  must  have  their  names  and  addresses. 

On  their  receipt,  blank  applications  will  be  mailed  to  each  separate  ad 
dress,  to  be  filled  out  and  returned  to  the  Commission,  and  after  verification, 
orders  for  transportation  will  be  mailed  to  their  addresses.  These  orders 
will  be  presented  to  the  ticket  agent  at  the  railroad  station  nearest  their 
homes.  Transportation  alone  will  be  furnished.  Survivors  will  provide  their 
subsistence. 

The  Commission  wishes  that  no  survivor  of  Salisbury,  who  is  entitled  to 
transportation  may  be  overlooked.  These  addresses  must  be  in  the  hands 
of  the  Commission  not  later  than  July  1.  Any  arriving  after  that  date  will 
not  be  considered.  All  names  and  addresses  should  be  sent  to  J.  D.  Walker, 
President  Pennsylvania's  Salisbury  Memorial  Commission,  0022  Center  Ave 
nue,  Pittsburgh. 

Copies  of  forms,  circulars,  etc.,  etc.,  used  by  the  Commission  follow: 

SALISBURY   SURVIVORS,    ATTENTION! 

The  memorial  erected  by  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  National  Cemetery  at 
Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  to  the  memory  of  the  Pennsylvania  soldiers  who  died  in  the 
Confederate  Prison  at  that  place  will  be  dedicated  some  time  in  November,  1910,  on  a  day 
to  be  designated  by  the  Governor  in  the  near  future. 

For  the  purpose  of  determining  how  many  survivors  of  Pennsylvania  Commands,  that 
now  reside  in  Pennsylvania,  who  were  confined  in  the  Confederate  Prison  at  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  and  are  desirous  of  taking  advantage  of  the  act  providing  for  the  transportation 
of  the  survivors  from  the  railroad  station  nearest  to  their  homes  to  Salisbury  and  return, 
the  commission  must  have  their  names  and  addresses  if  living  in  a  city,  give  number  and 
street;  if  living  in  the  country  give  proper  Rural  Delivery  Route.  On  receipt  of  the  same, 
blank  applications  will  be  mailed  to  each  separate  address,  to  be  filled  out  and  returned 
to  the  Commission,  and  after  verification,  orders  for  transporation  will  be  mailed  to 
their  address.  These  orders  will  be  presented  to  the  ticket  agent  at  the  railroad  station 
nearest  their  homes.  Transporation  alone  will  be  furnished.  Survivors  will  provide  their 
subsistence. 

(13) 


14 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 


Won't  you  kindly  have  this  read  at  your  Post  or  Commandery  meeting,  and  published  in 
all  of  your  local  papers,  giving  it  the  widest  possible  publicity  in  your  immediate  neighbor 
hood.  The  Commission  wishes  that  no  Survivor  of  Salisbury  who  is  entitled  to  transpor 
tation  may  be  overlooked. 

These  addresses  must  be  in  the  hands  of  the  Commission  not  later  than  July  1,   1910; 
any  arriving  after  that  date  will  not  be  considered. 
Send  all  names  and  addresses  to 

J.    D.    WALKER, 

President  Pennsylvania  Salisbury  Memorial  Commission, 
6022  Center  Avenue,    East  Eud, 
Pittsburgh,    Pa. 

SPECIAL  INFORMATION. 


Tickets  for  survivors,  the  Governor  and  his  staff,  members  of  the  Penn 
sylvania  Salisbury  Memorial  Commission  and  invited  guests  to  be  issued 
without  charge  on  presentation  of  transportation  orders  signed  by  J. 
D.  Walker,  President,  Pennsylvania  Salisbury  Memorial  Commission,  and 
tickets  for  the  general  public  to  be  sold  on  application  therefor  to  ticket 
agents.  Tickets  to  be  sold  November  12th  to  15th,  1910,  and  returning  to 
reach  original  starting  point  not  later  than  November  30,  1910.  The  trans 
portation  orders  to  be  settled  for  by  the  Pennsylvania  Salisbury  Memorial 
Commission. 

Survivors  and  guests  will  assemble  at  Union  Station,  Harrisburg,  Penn'a, 
not  later  than  5  P.  M.  of  Tuesday,  November  15th,  1910. 

Special  train  for  use  of  Governor  and  Staff,  guests,  commission  and  sur 
vivors,  to  start  at  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  November  15th,  1910,  will  be  operated 
in  both  directions  on  following  approximate  schedule: 


Nov.  15th— 

Lv.  Harrisburg,  P.  R.  R. , 5:25  P.M. 

Ar.   Washington,   ___ 8:44  P.M. 

R.   F.    &  P.  R.   R. 

Lv.  Washington,  __ 9:15  P.M. 

Ar.  Richmond,  _. _.12:15  A.M. 

Train  to  be  switched  to  the  Southern 
Railway. 
Nov  16th—  So.  Rwy. 

Lv.   Richmond,   _ .__ 12:45  A.M. 

Ar.  Danville,  _ __ ___  5:45  A.M. 

Lv.  Danville,   5:47  A.M. 

Ar.  Greensboro,  __ __  7:20  A.M. 

Stop   for  breakfast   for  suvrivors   and 
public. 

Lv.  Greensboro,  8:00  A.M. 

Ar.  Salisbury _„ „  9:30  A.M. 


RETURNING: 

Nov.  16th—  So.  Rwy. 

Lv.   Salisbury,   9:00  P.M. 

Ar.  Danville, 11:30  P.M. 

Lv.   Danville,   „ _11:35  P.M. 

Nov.   17th— 

Ar.  Richmond,  _ — _  4:35  A.M. 

Train  to  be  switched. 

R.  P.    &  P.  R.  R. 

Lv.  Richmond,  __ _ 5:15  A.M. 

Ar.  Washington,   __ 8:15  A.M. 

45  minutes  for  breakfast. 

Lv.  Washington,  P.  R.  R..  __  9:00  A.M. 
Ar.  Harrisburg,   _ _12:30  P.M. 


Stop-overs  will  be  allowed  at  any  intermediate  point  enroute  on  notice  to 
conductor  on  November  12,  13,  14  and  15,  on  thee  going  trip,  and  not  later 
than  November  30  on  the  return  trip,  by  which  date  passengers  must  reach 
original  starting  point. 

Tickets  will  also  be  available  for  the  general  public  (not  for  survivors) 
traveling  individually  beginning  November  12,  13,  14  and  15,  1910,  over  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad,  via  Washington,  thence  over  the  Southern  Railway 
through  Lynchburg,  Danville,  Va.,  and  Greensboro,  N.  C.,  to  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  returning  same  way,  in  the  event  they  prefer  this  direct  route  rather 
than  the  route  through  Richmond,  Va. 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY.  15 

Four  Southern  Railway  Limited  trains  each  way  daily  via  Lynchburg, 
Danville,  Va. ,  and  Greensboro,  N.  C.,  available  for  use  of  the  general  pub 
lic  on  November  12,  13,  14  and  15,  1910,  leaving  Washington,  9:30  A.  M., 
11:00  A.  M.,  4:15  P.  M.  and  10:45  P.  M. 

IMPORTANT. 

The  site  of  the  prison  is  covered  with  a  fine  class  of  residences  and  is  a 
very  respectable  neigborhood,  5  minutes'  walk  from  the  Union  Depot  and 
the  same  from  the  Empire  Hotel.  Prominent  places  in  the  old  prison  will  be 
designated  by  sign  boards  placed  on  the  houses  and  fences. 

The  distance  to  the  cemetery  is  only  a  5-minute  march  and  every  person 
connected  with  the  movement  is  expected  to  assemble  at  the  Empire  Hotel, 
Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Wednesday,  November  1C,  at  12:45  P.  M.  Column  will 
leave  the  Hotel  promptly  at  1  P.  M. 

Should  time  of  departure  of  Special  Train  be  changed  to  a  later  hour 
ample  notice  will  be  given  by  placards  posted  in  the  Empire  Hotel  and  Union 
Depot. 

Special  train  will  stop  returning  at  Danville,  Va.,  Richmond,  Va.,  and 
Washington,  D.  C.,  to  discharge  passengers  who  wish  to  stop  off.  Parties 
desiring  to  remain  over  at  Salisbury  can  take  any  regular  train  on  Southern 
Railway,  via  Danville,  Va.,  and  upon  notice  to  conductor  stop  off  at  any 
point  between  Salisbury  and  original  starting  point. 


(16) 


Bronze  Tablets  on  Rear  Wall  of  Interior  of  Memorial. 


PENNSYLVANIA  UNVEILS   MEMORIAL  TO  HER  SONS 
WHO  DIED  IN  SALISBURY  PRISON. 


LARGEST  DELEGATION  THAT  EVER  CAME  SOUTH  ON  SUCH  A  MISSION 
ATTENDS  CEREMONY — Two  GOVERNORS  PRESENT — MANY  DIS 
TINGUISHED  STATESMEN  IN  THE   PARTY— RECEPTION 
AT   SENATOR   OVERMAN'S   HOME — CROWNING 
EVENT    OF   DAY   REPLETE    WITH 
FEATURES. 


Special   by  Staff  Correspondent: 

Salisbury,  Nov.  16. — The  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania  has  done  nobly  her  part  by 
her  heroic  sons  who  battled  for  the  preservation  of  the  Union,  and  who — the  strife  over 
and  the  victory  won — bivouac  in  Salisbury's  city  of  the  dead.  That  they  fell  before  the 
ruthless  onslaught  of  disease  and  found  eternal  rest  in  prison  trenches,  instead  of  having 
met  a  more  glorious  end  at  the  mouth  of  an  enemy's  cannon,  has  not  dimmed  the  luster 
of  their  valor  in  the  eyes  of  a  people  in  whose  hearts  they  are  deified  with  their  long 
pilgrimage. 

Hundreds  of  Pennsylvanians— the  most  distinguished  and  the  largest  assemblage  that 
ever  went  beyond  the  border  of  the  state  on  such  a  mission — journeyed  here  today  to  unveil 
a  memorial  to  the  self-sacrificing  patriotism  of  their  countrymen  who  died  in  Salisbury 
prison  during  the  dark  days  of  civil  warfare. 

Received  with  the  open-handed  hospitality  that  is  characteristic  of  Salisbury,  taken 
into  the  hearts  and  homes  of  its  gracious  people,  welcomed  by  the  brilliant  Governor  of 
the  State  and  its  distinguished  Senator  in  words  that  left  only  the  impress  of  one  country, 
one  flag  and  one  people — with  no  discordant  note  to  jar  the  love-feast — the  visitors  re 
turned  to  their  homes  tonight,  surprised,  perhaps,  but  pleased  and  satisfied  with  their 
long  pilgrimage. 

A  hearty  welcome  at  the  station;  a  drive  around  the  city;  a  splendid  dinner;  a  quality 
of  oratory  they  hardly  expected  to  find  in  the  South  and,  as  a  crowning  feature,  the 
magnificent  reception  at  the  home  of  Senator  Lee  S.  Overman  made  up  the  program 
prepared  for  them,  and  one  that  will  stand  for  years  in  local  history  as  notable. 

THE  PARTY  DELAYED. 

The  special,  consisting  of  ten  cars,  bearing  the  Pennsylvania  delegation,  was  delayed 
three  hours  by  a  break-down  of  the  locomotive  and  much  of  the  program  was  necessarily 
omitted.  It  was  considerable  after  9  o'clock  when  the  train  rolled  into  the  depot.  The 
visitors  were  met  by  a  committee  consisting  of  Madames  Edwin  C.  Gregory,  W.  B. 
Duttera,  A.  L.  Smoot,  W.  B.  Strauchan,  Louis  H.  Clement,  Walter  H.  Woodson, 
R.  V.  Brawley,  E.  B.  Neave,  E.  R.  Overman  and  Miss  Jane  Boyden,  and  after  a  ride 
over  the  city  in  automobiles  and  carriages  were  escorted  to  the  Empire  Hotel,  where 
dinner  awaited  them. 

At  2:30  o'clock  the  procession  was  formed  in  front  of  the  hotel  and  the  march  to  the 
Federal  cemetery  began.  Heading  it  was  the  Salisbury  band;  then,  with  halting  step, 
the  survivors  from  Pennsylvania  of  the  Salisbury  prison,  and  following  them  the  Charles" 
F.  Fisher  camp  of  United  Confederate  Veterans,  led  by  Commander  W.  C.  Coughenour; 
the  respective  governors  and  their  staffs  and  the  visiting  ladies  in  automobiles  and 
carriages.  The  Fourth  Company,  Coast  Artillery,  which  mounted  guard  around  the 
monument  at  the  cemetery,  brought  up  the  rear,  and  Mr.  Frank  J.  Miller  was  chief 
marshall  of  the  procession,  easily  a  mile  long. 


(IT) 


18  PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

AN   AFFECTING   FEATURE. 

While  the  parade  was  forming  the  local  Confederate  veterans  ordered  the  Union 
veterans  to  form  in  double  file,  and  when  the  line  was  completed  the  John  Rebs  marched 
through  the  Yankee  lines,  shaking  hands  heartily  right  and  left.  It  was  an  impromptu 
feature  of  the  program  and  one  that  drew  tears  to  the  eyes  of  the  gathered  multitude. 

It  was  after  3  o'clock,  hours  after  the  time  announced  for  the  ceremony,  when  Hon. 
James  D.  Walker,  president  of  the  monument  commission,  called  the  assemblage  to 
order.  On  a  stand  facing  the  magnificent  memorial  were  seated  the  Governors  of  North 
Carolina  and  Pennsylvania,  their  staffs  and  the  distinguished  guests.  Rev.  J.  W.  Sayers, 
chaplain  of  the  department  of  the  Pennsylvania  of  the  G.  A.  R. ,  made  the  invocation 
and  Governor  Kitchiu  was  called  upon  for  the  first  address  of  welcome.  The  Governor 
was  never  in  better  trim  for  an  occasion.  He  looked  well  and  spoke  better.  His  ad 
dress,  while  brief,  was  a  masterpiece,  and  before  he  was  half  through  he  had  won 
completely  the  hearts  of  the  Peuusylvanians,  and  always  had  their  undivided  attention. 

Throughout,  his  talk  was  one  unity,  peace  and  concord,  avoiding  all  reference  to  the 
"late  unpleasantness"  except  as  served  his  purpose  to  sink  deeper  the  welcome  he  held 
out  to  the  strangers.  No  brief  synopsis  can  do  justice  to  his  ornate  oratory. 


GOVERNOR  KITCHIN'S  ADDRESS. 
A  MASTERPIECE. 

fl  PTTiODAY,"  he  said,  "you  made  the  march  from  Pennsylvania  into  North 

Carolina  in  peace,  comfonL'  and  safety  and  we  extend  our  hearts  in 

•*•        welcome  to  this  peaceful  invasion ;  some  years  ago  you  Peunsyh'a- 

niaus  marched  into  North  Carolina  and  we  met  you  with  muskets.     But  you 

made  it,   and  none  but  our  fellow  Americans  could  have  done  it." 

And  again:  "You  thought  you  couldn't  get  along  without  us  and  fought  us 
to  prevent  the  separation;  we  thought  we  could  get  along  without  you,  and 
tried  to  get  away  from  you,  but  now  we  know  we  can't  get  along  without 
each  other." 

"The  pangs  of  hate  or  passion  are  no  longer  cherished  by  men  of  patriot 
ism." 

"That  monument  stands  in  no  enemy's  country." 

"What  matters  it  under  what  flag  they  fought  if  they  were  brave  men?" 

"As  we  are  worthy  of  each  others  steel  in  war,  we  are  worthy  of  each 
others  friendship  in  peace,  and  this  friendship,  rny  countrymen,  we  give  to 
you  today  unstintedly." 

These  and  similar  epigrams  brought  rounds  of  applause,  and  when  the 
Governor  took  his  seat  the  master  of  ceremonies  broke  into  the  program  by 
calling  for  three  cheers  for  the  Governor  of  North  Carolina,  which  were 
given  with  a  will. 

Lieutenant  Governor  Murphy  of  Pennsylvania  responded  to  Governor 
Kitchin.  He  is  a  son  of  the  noted  temperance  orator,  Francis  J.  Murphy, 
and  as  a  speaker  does  his  father's  memory  no  injustice.  He  made  splendid 
references  to  North  Carolina's  record  in  War  and  Peace,  and  touching  glow 
ingly  upon  the  Mecklenburg  Declaration  of  Independence. 

OVERMAN  BRINGS  TEARS. 

Probably  the  masterpiece  of  the  afternoon  was  the  impromptu  response  of 
Senator  Overman  to  the  unexpected  call  of  General  Walker,  which  fol 
lowed  Mayor  A.  L.  Smoot's  fitting  address  of  welcome  on  behalf  of  the  city 
of  Salisbury,  and  in  which  he  surpassed  himself. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  19 

Senator  Overman  was  not'  on  the  program,  but  he  made  the  hit  of  his 
life  with  words  that  brought  the  tears  freely  from  the  old  soldiers,  and  was 
halted  often  by  outbursts  of  applause.  His  expressions  were  beautiful,  and 
there  was  hardly  a  dry  eye  in  the  concourse  of  something  like  three  thousand 
people  when  he  concluded.  Advancing  to  the  front  of  the  platform  he 
pointed  dramatically  to  the  Stars  and  Stripes  and  said: 

"Countrymen — the  men  of  North  Carolina,  love  that  flag  and  when  our 
glorious  country  needs  defense  they  will  follow  it  to  glory  or  to  the  grave. 
But  you  must  not  be  unsympathetic  with  us  for  hallowing  that  other  flag 
that  once  waved  over  the  Southern  Confederacy.  Gentlemen,  our  brave 
men  followed  it  for  four  long  years  and  saw  it  go  down  in  an  ocean  of 
tears — forever." 

"When  the  calls  for  volunteers  to  the  Spanish-American  War  came,  the 
responses  from  North  Carolina  were  so  liberal  that  the  Government  could 
not  make  use  of  all  of  them.  But,  gentlemen,  Lieut.  W.  E.  Shipp — a  North 
Carolinian  fell  on  San  Juan  hill  in  defense  of  the  flag,  and  the  first  American 
sacrifice  in  that  struggle  was  Ensign  Worth  Bagley,  who  went  to  glory  on 
the  deck  of  the  Winslow.  And — friends  they  brought  his  bloody  body  home 
to  the  widow  of  a  Confederate  General.  But  we  are  all  at  home  now — one 
great,  grand,  undivided,  indissoluble  country,  and  we'll  die  fighting  for  it." 

The  Senator  was  cheered  to  the  echo — it  was  the  speech  of  his  career,  and 
he  has  made  good  speeches  before,  but  this  one  touched  the  keynote. 


TENDER  OF  MEMORIAL. 

Adjutant  General  Thomas  J.  Stewart  of  Pennsylvania  wound  up  the 
responses  to  the  addresses  of  welcome  in  a  happy  manner,  and  then  Capt. 
Louis  R.  Fortescue,  signal  corps  volunteers,  tendered  the  handsome  memo 
rial  to  Governor  Stuart.  In  the  midst  of  his  address  Miss  Helen  H.  Walker, 
daughter  of  the  monument  commission's  president,  pulled  aside  the  flags,  re 
vealing  to  the  multitude  the  beautiful  memorial.  Governor  Stuart  briefly 
accepted  the  memorial  on  behalf  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  tendered 
it  to  the  United  States,  and  Brigadier  General  A.  L.  Mills,  representing 
the  United  States  Army,  accepted  it  as  briefly. 

The  conclusion  of  the  program  was  really  its  feature — the  oration  of 
Brigadier  General  Harry  White.  For  twenty  years  on  the  bench,  four 
teen  years  in  Congress,  and  eight  years  in  the  Pennsylvania  Senate,  and  one 
of  the  principal  framers  of  the  State's  present  constitution,  he  is  a  notable 
figure.  Though  seventy-seven  years  old  his  voice  is  clear  and  strong  and  he 
held  attention  throughout  his  delivery.  As  Major  White  he  was  a  prisoner, 
in  solitary  confinement,  at  Salisbury  prison  in  1803.  Justice  Nathaniel 
Boyden,  father  of  Col.  A.  H.  Boyden,  came  to  his  assistance  and  made  his 
prison  term  more  comfortable.  His  address  was  dramatic  and  replete  with 
interest  from  start  to  finish.  General  White  is  now  president  of  the  Na 
tional  Association  of  Ex-Prisoners,  and  one  of  Pennsylvania's  most  promi 
nent  public  men. 


20  PENNSYLVANIA  AT   SALISBURY. 

SINGING  OF  "COMRADE  BOB." 

Another  feature  of  the  days  proceedings  that  is  noteworthy  was  the  sing 
ing  of  Mrs.  J.  Sharp  McDonald,  widow  of  a  Union  veteran,  the  guardian 
angel  of  the  Pennsylvania  Department  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  and  known  Co  the 
veterans  as  "Comrade  Bob."  Mrs.  McDonald  is  the  only  female  member  of 
the  G.  A.  R.,  and  though  possibly  on  the  shady  side  of  fifty,  her  hair  as 
white  as  snow,  her  voice  is  as  clear  as  a  bell  and  her  tones  true  and  full. 

This  sweet-faced  woman's  rendering  of  "Lorena,"  "Columbia"  and  the 
"Star  Spangled  Banner"  was  one  of  the  most  enjoyable  events  of  a  day  filled 
to  the  brim  with  things  worth  while.  Miss  Sylvia  Rosensteel  accompanied 
Mrs.  McDonald  on  the  piano,  and  these  two  furnished  the  musical  part  of 
the  program.  Mrs.  McDonald  is  as  proud  of  her  sobriquet  as  the  old  sol 
diers  are  of  her. 

Probably  no  more  distinguished  gathering  ever  graced  any  occasion  in 
North  Carolina.  The  beautiful  gowning  of  the  ladies  and  the  glittering 
uniforms  of  the  soldiery  presented  a  picture  never  to  be  forgotten.  The 
splendid  appearance  of  Governor  Stuart  and  his  staff — all  of  them  well-pro 
portioned,  handsome  men,  from  the  Governor  down  to  the  Sergeant,  was 
the  occasion  of  many  compliments,  and  when  it  came  to  handsome  men, 
Governor  Kitchin  and  his  courtly  staff  were  not  far  in  the  rear.  So  far 
as  the  woman  is  concerned,  comparisons  are  both  invidious  and  dangerous, 
but  no  town  in  the  country  can  make  a  better  showing  than  Salisbury  in 
this  respect,  and  pretty  nearly  the  whole  world  knows  it. 

Salisbury  came  to  the  front  handsomely,  as  it  always  does  when  hospi 
tality  is  the  watchword,  and  the  city  made  as  great  a  hit  with  the  visitors 
as  did  the  Governor  and  Senator  Overman  with  their  addresses. 

THE   MEMORIAL. 

THE  memorial  which  cost  $15,000.00  is  the  most  splendid  thing  of  its 
kind  in  the  State.  It  is  built  of  Mount  Airy  granite  and  is  finished  in 
Georgia  marble.  It  stands  to  the  left  of  the  driveway  and  near  the 
superintedents  lodge.  It  is  24  feet  square — and  stands  38  feet  high ;  is  of 
canopy  design,  with  arches  to  the  front  and  on  two  sides,  the  rear  being 
a  solid  wall  on  which  is  placed  three  bronze  tablets  containing  the  in 
scriptions.  The  floor  is  of  marble  and  the  overhead  of  polished  Italian 
marble.  The  monument  stands  elevated  two  and  a  half  feet  above  the 
ground  level  and  is  reached  by  a  tier  of  solid  granite  steps  leading  up 
the  terrace  which  surrounds  the  monument.  The  top  of  the  monument 
caps  off  into  a  dome  upon  which  stands  the  hercic  figure  of  a  soldier  in 
bronze,  representing  a  prisoner  of  war,  forlorn  and  ragged.  The  monu 
ment  was  designed  and  constructed  by  Mr.  C.  J.  Clark,  proprietor  of 
Clark's  Monumental  Works,  at  Americus,  Ga.  Mr.  Clark  is  a  native  of 
Tennessee.  He  personally  supervised  the  erection  of  the  memorial.  A 
cement  walk  leads  from  the  driveway  to  the  steps  of  the  monument.  The 
work  was  completed  last  January,  with  the  exception  of  the  placing  of  the 
bronze  tablets,  which  were  affixed  recently. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  21 

On  the  walls  of  the  interior  is  a  bronze  tablet,  showing  the  old  prison 
and  grounds  in  has  relief.  This  is  an  especially  fine  piece  of  work  and 
shows  a  strikingly  realistic  picture  of  the  old  buildings  and  surroundings 
in  perspective. 

On  another  tablet  is  inscribed: 

"This  monument  was  erected  June  13,  1907,  to  commemorate  the  patriotic  devotion, 
heroism  and  self-sacrifice  of  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  Pennsylvania  volunteers  who 
died  while  confined  as  prisoners  of  war  in  the  Confederate  military  prison  at  Salisbury, 
North  Carolina,  during  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  and  were  interred  among  the  unknown 
Union  soldiers  and  sailors  in  the  eighteen  trenches  at  the  southeast  side  of  this  monu 
ment.  A  grateful  Commonwealth  renders  tribute  to  their  honor  and  memory." 

A  third  tablet  bears  the  inscription: 

"Many  Pennsylvania  soldiers  are  buried  here.  They  were  citizens  of  a  State  whose 
founders  came  across  the  sea  and  established  a  Commonwealth  where  all  men  would  be 
equal  and,  under  just  laws,  free  to  enjoy  their  inalienable  rights  in  the  pursuit  of 
happiness,  unmolested  by  kings  or  nobles  or  prejudiced  class.  They  used  the  sword  only 
to  preserve  the  peace  and  unity  of  their  country.  Twice  on  the  soil  of  their  native 
State  were  crucial  struggles  for  the  republic.  First,  Valley  Forge,  that  tested  the 
courage  and  fortitude  of  the  patriot  army.  Then  at  Gettysburg,  that  proved  the  nation 
could  no  be  broken.  Respecting  the  example  of  the  Roman,  who  never  raised  emblems 
of  triumph  over  a  foe,  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania  erects  this  monument  to 
perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  dead  and  not  as  a  commemoration  of  victory." 

On  each  end  of  the  arch  is  inscribed  simply,  "Pennsylvania,  1909."  On 
the  side  facing  the  driveway  is  cut  the  coat  of  arms  of  Pennsylvania,  with 
the  motto,  "Virtue,  Liberty  and  Independence." 

THE    PENNSYLVANIA    DELEGATION. 

Representing  officially  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  were: 
Gov.  Edwin  S.  Stuart. 
Lieut.  Gov.  Robert  S.  Murphy. 
Adjutant  General  Thomas  J.  Si'ewart. 
Brigadier  General  William  C.  Price. 
Col.  Joseph  K.  Weaver. 
Col.  Horace  Holdeman. 
Col.  Frank  S.  Patterson. 
Col.  William  J.  Elliott. 
Col.  L.  E.  Beitler. 
Col.  J.  S.  Wiggins. 
Col.  J.  Warner  Hutchins. 
Col.  Walter  Bradley. 
Col.  F.  T.  Pusey. 
Col.  E.  C.  Dewey. 
Col.  J.  M.  Reid. 
Major  L.  V.  Rausch. 
Sergeant  Hicks. 
Sergeant  Luttinger. 

The  foregoing  gentlemen  comprise  the  Governor's  staff.  Other  prominent 
members  of  the  party  were: 

A.  B.  Millar,  secretary  to  Governor  Stuart,  and  ^.Irs.  Millar. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

Mr.  \V.  H.  Stewart  of  Scotland,  Pa.,  Superintendent  of  the  home  for 
veterans'  orphans. 

Senator  W.  S.  Blewitt  of  fecranton,   Pa. 

Senator  David  Wilbert  of  Pittsburgh,   Pa. 

Senator  R.  J.  Cunningham  of  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

General  L.  W.  Moore,  commander  of  the  department  of  Pennsylvania, 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

Hon.  Gabriel  Moyer  of  Palmyra,  Pa. 

Hon.  J.  D.  O'Neil  of  Pittsburgh,    Pa. 

Hon.  I.  K.  Campbell. 

Hon.  Stephen  Toole. 

Mr.  Benjamin  Strouse  of  Harrisburg,   Pa. 

Mr.  John  C.  Delaney  and  Mrs.  Delaney  of  Harrisburg,  Pa. 

(jen.  Harry  White,  president  of  the  National  Association  of  Ex-Prisoners, 
and  daughter,  Mrs.  J.  N.  Speel. 

Rev.  John  W.  Sayers,  chaplain  of  the  Department  of  Pennsylvania, 
G.  A.  R. 

Col.  Charles  A.  Suydam,  Adjutant  General,  G.  A.  R.,  Department  of 
Pennsylvania. 

Hon.  John  H.  Reible. 

Col.  Robert  B.  Beaith,  ex-commander-in-chief ,  G.  A.  R. 

Hon.  J.  H.  Holcomb,  Assistant  Quartermaster  General,   G.  A.  R. 

Capt.  Louis  R.  Fortescue,   Signal  Corps,  United  States  Volunteers. 

Hon.  James  D.  Walker,  president  of  the  Monument  Commission,  Mrs. 
Walker,  Miss  Walker  and  Miss  Helen  Walker. 

Foremost  in  the  delegation  of  ladies  accompanying  the  Pennsylvania 
party  was  Mrs.  J.  Sharp  McDonald,  the  patron  saint  of  Pennsylvania's  vet 
erans,  and  the  only  woman  who  is  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic.  Others  were:  Mrs.  Robert  S.  Murphy,  wife  of  the  Lieutenant 
Governor;  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Stewart,  wife  of  the  Adjutant  General,  and 
Miss  Sylvia  Rosensteel. 

The  newspaper  men  with  the  party  were: 

Thomas  M.  Jones,  representing  The  Philadelphia  Record  and  Pittsburg 
Leader. 

John   M.    Bonbright,    Harrisburg   Star-Independent. 

Charles  G.  Miller,   Harrisburg  Patriot. 

W.  G.  Newbold,  Philadelphia  North  American. 

With  the  party  on  the  special  train  were  nearly  three  hundred  survivors 
of  the  Salisbury  prison — all  members  of  the  Pennsylvania  Department,  G. 
A.  R. ,  and  of  the  National  Ex-Prisoners'  Association. 

NORTH  CAROLINA  PARTY. 

As  official  representatives  of  the  State  of  North  Carolina  were  present: 
Gov.  William  W.  Kitchin. 
Adjutant  General  R.  L.  Leinster. 
Col.  S.  Westray  Battle. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT  SALISBURY.  23 

Col.  II.  A.  Grady. 

Col.  II.  Montague. 

Capt.  S.  Glenn  Brown. 

Representatives  of  the  government  attending  the  ceremonies  were: 

Brigadier  Gen.  A.  L.  Mills,  U.  S.  A. 

Lieut.  Allen,   U.  S.  A.,  aide  to  General  Mills. 

Brigadier  General  Carle  A.  Woodruff,  U.  S.  A.,  retired. 

THE  CROWNING  EVENT. 

The  home  of  Senator  Overman,  typically  Southern  in  appointments  and 
comforts,  was  royally  elegant  this  evening  with  the  added  touches  from  the 
deft  hand  of  the  decorator.  The  reception  which  was  from  5  to  7  o'clock, 
was  attended  by  all  the  prominent  members  of  the  Pennsylvania  delegation 
and  the  elect  of  Salisbury  society  invited  to  meet  them.  No  detail  that 
might  servo  to  render  the  occasion  a  delight'  to  the  fortunate  guests  was 
missing — flowers,  music,  dainty  refreshments  and  charming  women  were 
features  that  will  linger  long  in  the  memory  of  the  visitors  from  the  North. 

Those  in  the  receiving  line  were: 

Governor  Stuart,  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Mrs.  Murphy,  General  White, 
Walter  Murphy,  Mayor  and  Mrs.  A.  L.  Smoot,  Senator  and  Mrs.  Lee  S. 
Overman  and  their  beautiful  daughter,  Mrs.  Edwin  C.  Gregory. 

The  special  train  bearing  the  Pennsylvania  delegation  left  home  tonight 
at  9:30  o'clock,  with  every  one  singing  the  praises  of  Salisbury  and  North 
Carolina. 

L'XVEILS  MEMORIAL  TO  UNION  PRISONERS  AT  SALISBURY. 

Monument  Presented  to  State  by  Memorial  Commission  Accepted  by  Governor  Stuart — 
Turned  Over  to  U.  S.  Government. 

Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Nov.  16.  Pennsylvania's  handsome  $20,000  granite  and  bronze 
memorial  to  her  soldiers  who  died  in  the  Confederate  prison  here  from  1861  to  1865  was 
dedicated  this  afternoon. 

Governor  Edwin  S.  Stuart  was  the  central  figure,  and  he  was  greeted  with  the 
popular  outburst  of  enthusiasm  which  always  accompanies  his  appearance.  This  is  the 
last  of  numerous  dedications  of  civil  war  memorials  which  occurred  during  the  Stuart 
administration. 

The  monument  which  was  erected  at  a  cost  of  .$20,000  was  presented  to  Pennsylvania 
by  Major  Louis  R.  Fortescue,  of  Philadelphia,  and  was  accepted  in  a  fitting  speech  by 
Governor  Stuart.  Governor  Stuart  also  presented  the  shaft  to  the  National  government, 
and  it  was  accepted  by  General  A.  L.  Mills  as  a  special  representative  of  the  United 
States. 

The  program  was  elaborate,    and  included  addresses  by  the   following: 

Col.  J.  D.  Walker,  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Sayers.  chaplain,  of  the  department  of  Pennsyl 
vania  G.  A.  R.;  Governor  W.  W.  Kitchin  of  North  Carolina;  United  States  Senator  Lee 
S.  Overman  of  North  Carolina;  Lieutenant  Governor  Robert  S.  Murphy,  Mayor  A.  L. 
Smoot,  of  Salisbury,  Adjutant  General  Thomas  T.  Stewart,  Captain  Louis  R.  Fortescue, 
of  Philadelphia;  Brigadier  General  A.  S.  Mills,  of  the  regular  army;  Brigadier  General 
Harry  White  of  Indiana  county. 

In  the  course  of  his  speech  before  the  unveiling  Lieutenant  Governor  Murphy  said: 
"Today  we  commemorate  in  appropriate  stone  those  who  cheerfully  surrendered  life 
upon  the  altar  of  their  country.  Around  and  about  us  lie  men  of  Pennsylvania  and  of 
other  states— soldiers,  loyal  and  true.  The  memory  of  their  sufferings  and  sorrows  will 
never  be  forgotten  by  those  who  love  manhood  and  revere  courage.  To  those  who  died 
here  was  given  the  supreme  privilege  of  contributing  in  the  highest  degree  to  the  preser- 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

vation  of  the  republic.  This  memorial  typifies  the  feelings  that  animate  the  great  Com 
monwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  and  it  also  testifies  to  the  appreciation  which  all  feel  for 
those  who  gave  the  last  full  measure  of  devotion  to  their  country." 

Miss  Helen  II.  Walker,  daughter  of  Col.  James  D.  Walker,  of  Pittsburgh,  unveiled 
the  monument.  Mrs.  J.  Sharp  McDonald,  of  Pittsburgh,  "Comrade  Bob  "  sang  several 
patriotic  songs. 

The  memorial  stands  fortytwo  feet  high.  It  is  near  the  entrance  of  the  National 
cemetery  here,  overlooking  the  site  of  the  old  Confederate  prison.  It  is  quadrilateral 
arch  of  a  design  similar  to  the  Gettysburg  memorial  dedicated  last  September,  but 
much  smaller,  on  top  a  bronze  figure  of  an  emacinated,  ragged  Union  prisoner. 

The  dedication  was  witnessed  by  many  survivors  of  the  old  prison,  brought  here  at  the 
expense  of  the  State.  After  the  ceremonies,  Senator  Overman  entertained  the  visitors  at 
a  reception  at  his  home  here. 

The  receiving  line  included  Senator  and  Mrs.  Overman,  Governor  Stuart  Governor 
Kltchln,  Lieutenant  Governor  Murphy,  Walter  Murpby,  of  Salisbury;  Brigadier  General 
Carl  E.  A.  Woodruff,  United  States  army,  retired,  of  Baloigh. 


SHAFT   UNVEILED   WITH   CEREMONIES. 


MEMORIAL  TO   SOLDIERS  WHO   DIED  IN  SALISBURY   PRISON  is  DEDICA 
TED — GOVERNOR   STUART  PRESENT — LIEUTENANT  GOVERNOR 
ROBERT  S.  MURPHY  MAKES  MASTERLY  ADDRESS. 


Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Nov.  1C. — The  state  memorial  erected  in  the  Salisbury  Federal 
Cemetery  in  honor  of  the  2,500  soldiers  of  Pennsylvania  who  died  in  the  Confederate 
prison  at  Salisbury  during  the  years  of  18G1-1865,  was  dedicated  with  imposing  cere 
monies  this  afternoon.  Governor  Edwin  S.  Stuart  of  Pennsylvania,  his  staff,  a  company 
of  Federal  soldiers  and  many  survivors  of  the  Civil  war  were  welcomed  to  North  Carolina 
by  Governor  W.  W.  Kitchiu,  assisted  by  state  officials  and  residents  of  this  city. 

The  monument  which  was  erected  at  a  cost  of  $20,000  was  presented  to  Pennsylvania 
by  Major  Louis  R.  Fortescue  of  Philadelphia  and  was  accepted  by  Governor  Stuart. 
Governor  Stuart  also  presented  the  shaft  to  the  national  government,  and  it  was  ac 
cepted  by  Gtueral  W.  S.  Mills  as  a  special  representative  of  the  United  States.  The 
monument  was  unveiled  by  Miss  Helen  H.  Walker,  a  daughter  of  Col.  James  D.  Walker  of 
Pittsburg. 

DISTINGUISHED   VISITORS   PRESENT. 

The  distinguished  visitors  arrived  several  hours  late  in  a  special  train  of  ten  cars. 
They  were  escorted  to  the  Empire  Hotel  by  a  committee  of  citizens  in  automobiles  and 
carriages,  and  Governors  Stuart  and  Kitchen  exchanged  most  cordial  greetings.  They 
were  introduced  by  Senator  Lee  S.  Overman  of  Salisbury. 

The  monument  commission  left  the  hotel  for  the  cemetery  at  2.15.  The  procession 
was  a  large  one,  led  by  the  Salisbury  Baud,  a  company  of  artillery,  Pennsylvania 
survivors  and  Salisbury  Confederate  veterans,  the  governors  with  their  parties  and  ladies, 
city  officials,  committees  of  citizens  and  prominent  citizens  in  automobiles.  Senator  Over 
man  and  Governors  Stuart  and  Kitchen  rode  together.  Oo  nearly  two  hundred  survivors 
present  the  majority  had  been  prisoners  at  Salisbury  during  the  war. 

WELCOME   BY   GOVERNOR   KITCHIN. 

Governor  Kitchin's  address  of  welcome  in  behalf  of  North  Carolina  was  a  magnificent 
one.  The  speech  of  Lieutenant  Governor  Robert  S.  Murphy,  who  responded,  was  a 
beautiful  tribute.  Mayor  A.  L.  Smoot  of  Salisbury  made  an  admirable  address  in  be 
half  of  the  city,  and  Senator  Overman  followed  with  a  thrilling  address  which  won  the 
hearts  of  the  Pennsylvanians  who  were  present. 

Mrs.  J.  Sharp  McDonald  sang  several  charming  soprano  solos,  which  was  beautifully 
rendered.  She  was  accompanied  by  Miss  Sylvia  Rosensteel.  Major  Fortescue  tendered  a 
tribute  to  Governor  Stuart  in  his  presentation  speech.  Miss  Walker  then  unveiled  the  monu 
ment  and  "The  Star  Spangled  Banner"  and  "God  Be  With  You"  were  sung.  Fully  two 
thousand  persons  witnessed  the  unveiling.  Senator  and  Mrs.  Overman  tendered  a  re 
ception  at  their  home  following  the  ceremonies. 

BLUE    AND    GRAY    UNITED. 

The  day  was  an  eventful  one,  and  fully  typified  the  fact  that  the  North  and  South 
and  the  Blue  and  Gray  are  becoming  more  closely  knit  together.  Salisbury  was  the  site 
of  the  old  Confederate  prison  and  arsenal,  and  after  forty-six  years  some  places  are  still 
to  be  recognized.  A  souvenir  cotton  ball  was  given  each  visitor  and  the  Pennsylvania 
party  left  in  their  special  shortly  after  nine  o'clock  last  night. — Pittsburgh  Gazette 
Times. 


20  PENNSYLVANIA   AT  SALISBURY. 

DEDICATION   OF  THE  MEMORIAL  ERECTED  BY  THE  STATE  OF 

PENNNSYLVANIA  IN  THE  NATIONAL  CEMETERY, 

SALISBURY,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 


To  the   Memory  of  Her  Old   Soldiers   Who   Died   In  the   Confederate   Prison  at   Salisbury. 
North    Carolina,    During    the    Years    1861    to    1863. 


PROGRAM. 

Invocation,     Rev.    j.    w.    Sayers. 

Chaplain  Department  of  Penna.   G.  A.  R. 

Address   of   Welcome,     Hon.    W.    W.    Kitchen, 

Governor  State  of  North  Carolina. 

Response,      Hon.     Robert    S.     Murphy, 

Lieutenant  Governor  of  Pennsylvania. 

Song — Lorona,    Soprano,    Mrs.   J.   Sharp  McDonald   ("Comrade  Bob,") 

Accompanist  Miss  Sylvia  Rosensteel. 

Address ,     Hon.    A.    L.     Snioot , 

Mayor  of  the  City  of  Salisbury,   N.  C. 

Response,     General   Thomas   J.    Stewart, 

Adjutant  General  State  of  Pennsylvania. 

Song — Columbia,    the  Gem  of  the  Ocean "Comrade  Bob," 

Address ,     Hon.    Lee    S.    Overman , 

U.  S.  Senator,   North  Carolina. 

CEREMONIES. 

Introductory Hon.  James  D.   Walker, 

President   of   Commission. 
Tender   of   Memorial    to   Hon.    Edwin   S.    Stuart,    Gov.    of   Pennsylvania, 

Captain  Louis  R.  Fortescue, 
Signal    Corps    U.    S.    Volunteers. 

Unveiling   of   Memorial Miss   Helen    II.    Walker. 

Response   and  Tender   of   Memorial    to   the   United   States Hon.    Edwin   S.    Stuart, 

Governor   of   Pennsylvania. 

Song — Tramp,    Tramp,    Tramp,    the    Eoys   are    Marching,     "Comrade    Bob." 

Acceptance  of   Memorial,     Brigadier  General   A.    L.    Mills, 

U.   S.   Army. 

Song — Star    Spangled    Banner "Comrade    Bob." 

Oration Brevet  Brigadier  General  Harry  White, 

U.  S.  Volunteers. 

Song — God  be  with  You   till  we  Meet  Again "Comrade   Bob." 

Benediction Rev.     W.     B.     Duttera, 

Salisbury,    N.   C. 
(Wednesday,    November   Sixteenth,    Nineteen   Ten.) 


EXERCISES  incident  to  the  Dedication  of  the  Memorial  erected  in  the 
National  Cemetery  at  Salisbury,   North  Carolina,   Wednesday,   Nov. 
10,   1010,   by  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  to  the  memory  of  her  Sol 
diers  who  died  while  confined  in  the  Confederate  Prison  at  that  place,  1801- 
1805,   Hon.  James  D.  Walker  presiding. 

PRES.  J.  D.  WALKER:  Comrades,  gentlemen,  ladies  and  friends,  the 
exercises  upon  this  occasion  will  be  opened  with  an  invocation  to  our  God  by 
the  Rev.  J.  W.  Sayers,  Chaplain  of  the  Department  of  Pennsylvania,  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic. 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY.  27 

PRAYER. 

Chaplain  J.  W.  Sayers,  D.  D.,  Department  of  Pennsylvania,   G.  A.  R. 

Our  heavenly  Father,  we  thank  Thee  that  Thou  hast  permitted  us  to  see 
this  hour.  We  pray  Thee  that  Thou  wilt  grant  Thy  blessing  to  rest  upon  all 
that  have  gathered  here. 

We  thank  Thee  for  Thy  sovereign  care  and  protection  in  that,  in  the  days 
that  were  shadowed  with  trouble  Thou  didst  lead  us,  and  gavest  Thy  strength 
when  the  burden  was  heavy  upon  us,  and  gavest  us  courage  and  guidance, 
so  that,  after  the  conflict,  we  have  come  to  these  days  of  peace. 

We  thank  Thee  that  the  wrath  of  war  has  been  stilled  that  brother  no 
longer  strives  against  brother:  that,  once  again,  we  have  one  country  and 

one  flag. 

May  Thy  blessing  be  upon  us  as  a  people  that  we  may  be  Thy  people,  true 
and  righteous  in  all  our  ways;  tender  and  patient  in  our  charity,  though 
resolute  for  the  right ;  careful  more  for  the  down-trodden  than  for  ourselves : 
eager  to  forward  the  interests  of  every  citizen  throughout  the  land ;  so  that 
our  country  may  be  indeed  one  country  from  the  rivers  to  the  sea,  from 
the  mountains  to  the  plains. 

WTe  pray  Thee  to  make  our  memories  steadfast  that  we  may  never 
forget  the  generous  sacrifices  made  for  our  country.  May  our  dead  be  en 
shrined  in  our  hearts!  May  their  graves  be  the  alters  of  our  grateful  and 
reverential  patriotism ! 

And  now,  O  God,  bless  Thou,  this  memorial:  P»less  it,  O  God,  in  honor 
of  mothers  who  bade  their  sons  to  brave  deeds.  In  honor  of  wives  who 
wept  for  husbands  who  should  never  come  back  again  ;  In  honor  of  children 
whose  heritage  is  their  fallen  fathers'  heroic  names;  In  honor  of  men  and 
women  who  ministered  to  the  hurt  and  dying.  But,  chiefly,  O  God,  in 
honor  of  men  who  counted  not  their  lives  dear  when  it'heir  country  needed 
them:  of  those  alike  who  sleep  beside  the  dust  of  their  kindred,  or  under 
the  salt  sea,  or  in  nameless  graves,  where  only  thine  angels  stand  senti 
nel  'till  the  reveille  of  the  resurrection  morning.  Protect  it,  and  let  it  en 
dure,  and  unto  the  latest  generation,  may  its  influence  be  for  the  education 
of  the  citizen  for  the  honor  of  civil  life,  for  the  advancement  of  -the  nation, 
for  the  blessing  of  humanity,  and  for  the  furtherance  of  the  Holy  Kingdom. 
Hear  us,  O  our  God.  We  ask  in  the  name  of  Him  who  made  proof  of 
the  dignity  and  who  consecrated  the  power  of  sacrifice  in  His  blessed  life 
and  death,  even  in  the  name  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  great  Captain  of  our  sal 
vation.  Amen. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  To  us  who  have  traveled  so  many  miles 
from  our  grand  old  State,  it  surely  is  a  pleasure  to  be  met  and  welcomed 
by  the  Governor  of  the  old  North  State.  Comrades,  permit  me  to  present 
to  you  the  Hon.  W.  W.  Kitchin,  Governor  of  the  State  of  North  Carolina. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

ADDRESS  OF  HON.  W.  W.  K1TCH1N. 

YOUR  excellency,  Governor  Stuart,  other  officials  and  citizens  of  Penn 
sylvania,  and  representatives  of  the  United  States: 
In  the  name  of  the  people  of  North  Carolina,  I  gladly  welcome  you  to 
this  State.  Your  journey  has  been  pleasant.  May  your  visit  be  happy. 
You  come  to  honor  the  soldiers  of  '61.  In  honoring  the  dead,  you  honor 
yourselves  and  the  Republic  for  which  they  fought.  They  and  their  brave 
comrades  by  sacrifice  and  cournge,  made  your  pilgrimage  hither  easy  and 
pleasant,  while  their  pilgrimage  to  the  South  was  difficult  and  bitter.  In 
the  60's  their  army  required  four  years  and  four  thousand  miles  of  travel  be 
set  by  danger  and  death  to  go  from  Washington  to  Richmond,  but,  my 
fellow  countrymen,  they  made  the  trip,  where  none  but  our  fellow  Ameri 
cans  could  have  succeeded.  Then  we  extended  our  arms  to  resist  your  hos 
tile  march ,  and  now  we  extend  our  hearts  to  encourage  your  peaceful  invasion 
Then,  realizing  that  you  could  not  be  prosperous  and  happy  without  us  you 
fought  to  prevent  our  separation,  while  we  thought  we  could  be  prosperous 
and  happy  without  you.  We  all  now  realize  that  both  sections  are  prosperous 
and  happy  with  each  other,  and  with  the  united  energies  resources,  courage, 
and  patriotism  of  the  North  and  South  our  Republic  is  the  mightiest, 
wealthiest,  and  most  triumphant  country  the  sons  of  men  ever  served. 

The  State  that  furnished  more  slain  in  battle  and  a  greater  proportion  of 
her  white  population  as  soldiers  than  any  other  state  of  the  Confederacy, 
this  day  rejoices  to  have  in  her  borders  the  distinguished  representatives  of 
the  Union  State  on  whose  soil  was  fought  the  greatest  conflict  of  that  ever 
memorable  struggle — the  conflict  that  decided  the  destiny  of  the  continent. 

No  great  people  ever  built  monuments  to  unworthy  causes  or  unworthy 
men,  and  from  Maine  to  Texas  marble  and  granite  and  bronze  point  sky 
ward  in  memory  and  in  honor  of  American  valor,  patriotism,  and  sacrifice. 
What  matters  it  whether  they  commemorate  Northern  or  Southern  heroism, 
whether  Lee  or  Grant,  whether  blue  or  gray?  They  all  typify  noble,  sin 
cere,  brave  American  impluse,  spirit,  endurance,  devotion  to  duty,  love  of 
country,  and  fidelity  to  faith — the  highest  qualities  of  a  great  people. 
These  have  the  sanction  of  history  and  the  reverence  of  mankind.  What 
matters  it  now  that  we  fought  our  brothers  in  the  days  of  childhood?  What 
matters  it  now  that  a  half  century  ago  our  states  fought  with  the  passion 
of  mortal  combat,  if  they  but  fought  like  men,  if  they  but  won  immortal  re 
nown,  if  they  but  had  the  admiration  of  the  world  in  the  manner,  energy 
and  spirit  of  the  contest?  The  Red  Rose  and  the  White  Rose  are  no  longer 
antagonistic.  Our  republic  is  more  harmonious  and  more  united  in  the 
bonds  of  commerce,  interest,  mutual  esteem  and  confidence  than  in  the 
days  of  Washington,  Jefferson  and  Adams,  than  when  Webster,  Clay  and 
Calhoun  were  its  master  spirits.  In  the  progressive,  developing  currents  of 
fifty  years  the  issues  of  bitterness  and  the  things  of  passion  and  hate,  have 
disappeared  benearh  the  ever  advancing  wave  of  public  thought  and  are 
cherished  no  longer  by  the  patriotic  and  the  brave,  while  the  deeds  of  glory, 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  29 

the  acts  that  elevate  and  bless,  the  things  that  merit  admiration,  survive 
and  increase  the  ties  that  hind  the  hearts  of  men  to  our  common  country. 

Pennsylvanians,  your  monument  stands  in  no  enemy's  country.  It  stands 
in  one  of  Carolina's  best  cities  among  your  friends,  who  rejoice  that  you  are 
displaying  the  highest  sentiment  and  performing  a  sacred  duty  in  perpetuat 
ing  the  memory  of  your  heroes,  and  in  proclaiming  in  sympathetic  eloquence 
their  virtuous  consecration  to  the  Union.  We  know  that  you  approve  the 
monument  standing  in  yonder  street  erected  by  the  love  of  our  great  people 
in  honor  of  our  noble  dead  in  a  cause  we  lost — as  we  approve  this  monu 
ment  erected  by  the  love  of  a  great  people  to  noble  dead  in  a  cause  you  won, 
both  emblematic  of  civilized  man's  unconquerable  affection  and  immeasurable 
regard  for  those  who  risk  their  all  for  principle  and  for  it  yield  up  their  lives, 
the  supremest  test  of  loyalty.  Monuments  furnish  feeble  appreciation  of  the 
past  but  vast  inspiration  for  the  future,  therefore,  let  them  multiply  in  the 
land  North  and  South  and  thereby  improve  the  citizenship  of  our  wonderful 
republic. 

Your  Excellency,  as  we  were  worthy  of  each  other's  steel  in  war,  we 
are  worthy  of  each  other's  friendship  in  peace,  and  this  friendship  we  give 
unstintedly  and  without  reserve.  Again  I  extend  the  glad  hand  to  Pennsyl 
vania's  Governor  and  his  companions,  again  I  wish  for  you  and  yours  pleas 
ure  and  success  on  this  patriotic  occasion,  for  Tarheels,  generous  and  true, 
rejoice  with  you  in  this  day's  exercises.  I  assure  you  that  the  stranger 
never  touched  a  friendlier  hand,  and  Columbia  never  knew  a  truer  love  than 
Carolina's. 

"Stoop    hither    angels    from    the    skies. 
There    is    no    holier    spot    of    ground 
Than  where"    undaunted    "valor  lies 
By    mourning"    country    "crowned." 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  To  you  Pennsylvaniaus  Hon.  Robert  S. 
Murphy  is  too  well  known  to  require  an  introduction,  but  I  wish  to  in 
form  our  friends  who  do  not  know  him  that  he  is  the  Lieutenant  Governor  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  he  will  reply  to  the  beautiful  and  touching  words  of  wel 
come  of  Governor  Kitchin. 


ADDRESS  OF  HON.  ROBERT  S.  MURPHY. 

LANGUAGE  fails  upon  this  occasion  to  express  properly  the  deep  ap 
preciation  we  all  feel  for  the  brilliant  and  eloquent  welcome  extended 
to  us  by  your  distinguished  Governor.     His  words  of  splendid  tribute 
to  those  who  died  here  and  to  the  bravery  of  the  men  in  blue,   who  with 
their  blood  maintained  the  integrity  of  the  Union,   is  only  matched  by  our 
high  esteem  for  the  unflinching  devotion  of  those  soldiers  who  gave  to  the 
army  of  Northern  Virginia  the  laurel  of  imperishable  renown.     To  say  that 
there  was  anything  but  sincere  belief  upon  the  part  of  those  contending  on 
both  sides  in  the  great  Civil  War  in  the  righteousness  of  their  cause  is  an 
insult  to  the  honesty  of  the  intelligent  and  the  brave,   who  risked  and  lost 


30  PENNSYLVANIA   AT  SALISBURY. 

their  all  in  support  of  their  conviction  of  right.  And  mindful  of  that  spirit, 
with  the  memories  of  the  great  strife  rapidly  losing  substance  and  form 
under  the  passing  of  the  years,  everyone,  I  think,  realizes  that  the  problems 
confronting  us  as  a  nation  cannot  be  solved  through  the  discussion  of  issues 
long  ago  determined  upon  t'he  battlefield,  but  only  by  the  exercise  of  the  high 
est  qualities  of  American  manhood  and  statesmanship. 

The  great  future  stands  before  us,  beckoning  with  generous  hand.  In  the 
spirit  that  is  found  in  the  dying  words  of  the  great  Jackson,  who  was 
stricken  at  Chancellorsville — "Let  us  cross  the  river  and  rest  in  ihe  shade  of 
the  tree." 

In  the  great  heart  of  the  North  there  is  no  malice,  no  hatred;  nothing 
but  generous  fraternal  regard  and  regret  for  what  seemed  to  be  imperative 
necessity.  Her  eyes  turn  with  appreciation  to  the  Carolinas.  To  this 
land  noted  for  its  hospitality  and  as  the  home  of  a  courageous  and  an 
energetic  people.  To  this  land  with  a  climate  inferior  to  none ;  with  a  soil 
fertile  in  the  highest  degree,  where  cotton  blooms  and  fragrant  tobacco 
grows,  in  answer  to  the  persuasive  power  of  sunshine  warm  and  tender.  We 
appreciate  the  beauties  of  nature  and  the  material  benefits  to  be  found  in 
this  fruitful  portion  of  the  Republic,  and  we  come  here,  not  as  strangers, 
for  in  the  veins  of  Pennsylvania  and  the  Carolinas  courses  the  same  rich  red 
blood.  We  come  then  to  those  who  have  been  associated  with  us  in  all  that 
is  high  and  noble  in  a  notable  and  heroic  past,  and  who,  with  us,  are 
traveling  to  a  destiny  that  is  common  to  all. 

I  have  said  that  we  come  here,  not  as  strangers,  and  I  repeat  it  in  all 
sincerity.  We  are  standing  to-day  in  a  region  of  country  whose  historic 
past  is  the  common  heritage  of  all.  Here  was  first  heard  the  notes  of  the 
Marseillaise  of  the  Revolution  of  1776  through  the  medium  of  the  Mecklen 
burg  resolutions.  Here  upon  the  Alamance  was  heard  the  opening  gun  that 
shouted  defiance  to  kingly  power.  In  yonder  Carolina  the  conqueror  of 
Burgoj^ne  at  Saratoga  went  down  to  overwhelming  defeat  at  Camden.  Hope 
and  courage  was  again  restored  by  the  brilliant  victory  of  Daniel  Morgan  at 
the  famous  Cowpens. 

The  very  existence  of  American  authority  and  control  in  the  Carolinas 
was  determined  by  that  remarkable  soldier,  Nathaniel  Greene,  at  Guilford 
Courthouse.  His  drawn  battle  was  a  victory  of  the  highest  importance  to 
the  Patriot  cause.  Had  he  suffered  defeat  the  contest  would  have  been  over 
in  the  Southland.  His  wisdom  and  military  genius  foiled  the  efforts  of 
Cornwallis  to  subjugate  the  Carolinas  in  the  interest  of  King  George.  Sus 
tained  and  supported  by  the  patriots  of  both  colonies,  he  forced  Cornwallis 
to  surrender  place  after  place  and  to  finally  retreat.  In  place  of  the  King's 
authority  he  substituted  that  of  the  Continental  Congress  in  the  interest  of 
liberty  and  independence,  and  to  that  great  work  we  are  largely  indebted 
today  for  the  liberty  which  we  now  enjoy  and  for  all  those  treasures  which 
enrich  our  National  life.  The  names  of  Marion,  of  Sumter,  and  of  Pickens 
are  as  dear  to  us  of  the  North  as  any  that  decorate  the  pages  of  history — 
splendid  patriots,  brilliant  soldiers,  accomplished  leaders  of  the  Light  Cav 
alry  of  the  Carolinas,  their  deeds  and  triumphs  contributed  much  to  our 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT   SALISBURY.  31 

final  success,  and  their  fame  and  patriotism  will  ever  be  revered  by  a  grate 
ful  countrj'. 

We  cannot  forget  that  in  connection  with  these  mighty  events  that  pre 
liminary  contest  which  in  many  respects  was  the  most  unique  and  ex 
traordinary  conflict  ever  fought  upon  American  soil.  When  we  speak  of  it 
we  think  of  the  "over-mountain  men,"  and  rising  before  our  eyes  appear  the 
names  of  Shelby,  of  Seiver,  of  Campbell,  of  MacDowell,  and  of  Cleveland, 
who  with  their  followers,  inspired  by  patriotism  and  excited  to  the  highest 
point  by  the  many  atrocities  committed  by  the  Loyalists  upon  the  Patriots, 
finally  joined  together  and  pursuing  Ferguson,  the  favorite  officer  of  Corn- 
wallis,  finally  found  him  resting  with  his  command  upon  the  crest  of  King's 
Mountain.  The  fight  was  fierce,  bloody  and  brilliant,  but  never  in  doubt. 
American  loyalty  and  American  patriotism  never  won  a  greater  victory  than 
in  the  defeat  of  the  British  upon  that  famous  mountain,  and  in  the  death  of 
Ferguson,  the  accomplished  officer  of  the  King.  That  triumph  rescued  the 
Patriots  from  the  depth  of  absolute  despair.  It  introduced  the  spirit  of  con 
fidence,  it  brought  about  a  unity  of  feeling  and  a  combination  of  patriotic 
forces  that  preserved  the  Carolinas  to  the  control  of  patriotic  hands  until 
the  great  conflict  between  Cornwallis  and  Greene  had  finally  terminated  in 
complete  success. 

Independence  came  after  the  prolonged  struggle  and  peace  prevailed  until 
the  thunders  of  the  guns  of  1812  were  heard  again.  From  that  point  in  our 
history  stretches  a  long  period  to  our  triumphant  conflict  with  Mexico.  And 
from  that  time  when  our  arms  were  crowned  with  success,  we  enjoyed  an 
era  of  uninterrupted  peace  until  we  became  embroiled  in  civil  strife — North 
against  South,  South  against  North. 

One  of  the  incidents  growing  out  of  that  frightful  conflict  summons  us  here 
today.  We  come  bore,  in  a  spirit  of  tenderness  and  love,  to  pay  the  just 
tribute  of  a  great  Commonwealth  to  her  sons  who  perished  on  this  soil  and 
who  perished  under  circumstances  that  will  ever  excite  the  tenderest  emo 
tions  of  the  human  heart.  For  them  it  was  not  given  to  die  upon  the  bat 
tlefield  in  the  presence  of  a  brave  and  courageous  enemy  and  beneath  the 
waving  folds  of  the  flag  they  loved;  to  them  it  was  not  given  to  surrender 
life  in  the  full  possession  of  their  strength  and  under  circumstances  that  ex 
cite  in  behalf  of  the  country  one  loves,  the  noblest  impulses  of  the  human 
heart;  to  them  it  was  not  given  in  their  dying  moments  to  be  surrounded 
by  companions  and  friends,  or  encouraged  by  the  stirring  music  of  the 
bugle  and  the  shouts  of  triumph  ;  to  them  it  was  not  given  to  be  stimulated 
by  the  belief  that  their  sacrifices  would  be  appreciated  by  their  countrymen, 
and  that  long  afterward  their  bravery  and  noble  conduct  would  be  the  sub 
ject  of  admiration.  But  it  was  their  misfortune  to  come,  in  the  course  of  a 
great  conflict,  prisoners  of  war,  and  to  my  mind  no  greater  misfortune  can 
come  to  any  soldier  who  follows  the  flag  than  that  which  came  to  these  men. 
It  was  their  misfortune  to  be  confined  within  the  limits  of  the  military  prison 
which  formerly  stood  upon  this  ground.  A  place  which  all  authorities  agree, 
where  men  even  under  favorable  circumstances,  find  it  extremely  difficult  to 
retain  the  qualities  of  manhood  and  maintain  the  courage  of  one's  soul — 


82  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

a  captivity  which  practically  meant  death  and  where  exchange  or  liberty 
seemed  almost  out  of  the  question.  Yet,  those  men  bore  up  unflinchingly 
against  insidious  disease,  against  privation  of  the  most  painful  character, 
and  unfalteringly  bore  the  burden  imposed  upon  them  as  soldiers  of  the 
great  republic.  Devoid  of  regret,  and  free  of  fear,  they  gave  up  their  lives 
and  sank  into  unknown  graves  in  order  that  we  might  live. 

Today  we  commemorate  in  appropriate  stone  those  who  cheerfully  sur 
rendered  life  upon  the  altar  of  their  country.  Around  about  us  lie  men  of 
Pennsylvania  and  of  other  states — soldiers,  loyal  and  true.  The  memory  of 
their  sufferings  and  sorrows  will  never  be  forgotten  by  those  who  love  man 
hood  and  revere  courage.  To  those  who  died  here  was  given  the  supreme 
privilege  of  contributing  in  the  highest  degree  to  the  preservation  of  the 
Republic.  This  memorial  typifies  the  feelings  that  animate  the  great  Com 
monwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  and  it  also  testifies  to  the  appreciation  which  all 
feel  for  those  who  gave  their  last  full  measure  of  devotion  to  their  country. 
May  it  remain  for  all  time  as  a  living  sample  to  generations  yet  to  come  of 
the  constancy  and  devotion  that  has  made  us  a  nation  among  the  nations  of 
the  earth. 

From  the  sacrifices  of  those  who  lie  here  and  upon  the  numberless  battle 
fields  of  the  Republic  this  great  Union  of  indivisible  states  has  been  made 
possible.  The  thought  of  country,  I  believe,  is  uppermost  in  the  mind  of 
every  patriotic  citizen  to-daj7.  Among  the  memories  of  the  past  there  is 
nothing  more  grateful  to  the  mind  of  the  true  patriot  than  the  recollection 
of  the  contest  that  gave  to  us  that  great  body  of  soldiers  from  the  North  and 
the  South  who  stood  by  the  side  of  the  great  LaFayette  and  the  mighty 
Washington.  Let  it  ever  be  remembered  that  in  the  hour  of  severest  trial 
the  Colonies  stood  together  as  one  man  ;  the  soldiers  of  Virginia,  of  Georgia, 
and  of  the  Carolinas  were  united  with  those  of  Massachusetts,  of  New  York 
and  of  Pennsylvania  at  Valley  Forge  and  at  Yorktown — names  dear  to 
every  American ;  occasions  that  excite  the  noblest  impulses  and  bid  us  walk 
forward  arm  in  arm  together  to  the  destiny  which  will  be  unfolded  in  the 
future.  An  unavoidable  conflict  turned  us  one  from  the  other.  All  that 
need  be  remembered  of  that  chaotic  event  are  the  bravery  and  courage  of 
the  men  on  both  sides  who,  confident  in  their  cause  and  executing  the  right 
as  they  believed  God  had  given  them  to  see  the  right,  furnished  to  the 
world  an  example  of  heroism  and  devotion  which  has  placed  the  fame  of  the 
American  soldier  on  the  topmost  round  of  fame. 

Step  by  step  we  have  advanced  to  a  place  in  the  front  rank  among  the 
nations.  The  greatest  triumphs  in  science  and  trade  are  open  to  view.  We 
are  witnesses  to  an  increase  of  population  and  Co  a  commercial  progress  un- 
equaled  by  the  records  of  time.  We  are  living  in  an  age  of  intelligence  and 
of  happiness  that  passeth  the  understanding  of  all  statesmen.  Nowhere  can 
be  seen  in  the  known  world  a  nation  of  so  many  millions  enjoying  so  many 
advantages  and  so  much  of  the  comforts  of  life  than  by  our  own  people.  But 
with  this  wonderful  condition  comes  increased  responsibilities.  The  situa 
tion  demands  the  wisest  statesmanship  and  the  most  resolute  good  faith. 
In  the  great  work  before  us  all  should  participate.  Our  people  must  remain 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY.  'M 

contented  and  loyal  and  our  government  must  ever  retain  its  integrity 
among  the  nations  of  the  earth.  Today  the  flag  we  love  and  which  floats 
over  our  reunited  country  is  honored  on  every  sea  and  respected  in  every 
port.  Peace  and  happiness  and  good  will  prevail  within  our  walls. 

Let  us  in  this  presence  renew  our  devotion  to  our  common  country.  Let 
us  gather  increased  inspiration  from  the  memory  of  those  whose  privations 
and  sacrifices  we  to-day  recall.  Let  us  consecreate  ourselves  anewT  to  the 
spirit  of  liberty,  to  the  spirit  of  justice,  to  the  spirit  of  nationalism  upon 
which  the  glory  and  greatness  of  this  splendid  country  must  ever  and  always 
depend. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  Mrs.  J.  Sharp  McDonald  of  Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania  a  talented  and  accomplished  lady,  well  and  favorably  known 
by  all  the  soldiers  of  Pennsylvania,  accompanied  by  Miss  Slyvia  Rosensteel 
of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  will  favor  us  with  a  song,  one  that  was  a  great  favorite 
with  both  armies  during  the  war.  The  title  is  "Lorena." 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  The  Hon.  A.  L.  Smoot,  Mayor  of  Salis 
bury,  N.  C. ,  will  deliver  an  address  of  welcome  on  behalf  of  the  city  of 
Salisbury. 


ADDRESS  OF  WELCOME  BY  HON.  A.  L.  SMOOT,  MAYOR  OF  SAL 
ISBURY,    N.  C. 

MR.  CHAIRMAN,  His  Excellency  the  Governor  of  Pennsylvania,  Mem 
bers  of  the  Commission,  Old  Survivors,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen: 
You  have  come  today  from  the  home  of  your  birth  to  dedicate  a 
memorial  of  marble  and  bronze  to  the  memory  of  those  who  years  ago  left  the 
same  beloved  land,  to  wander  into  what  was  then  an  enemy's  country,  and 
lay  them  down  to  die.  They  left  at  duty's  call,  and  marching  'neath  the 
stars  and  stripes,  for  weary  miles  they  trod  their  rough  and  rugged  way. 
where'er  superiors  bade  them  go. 

Their  only  cheer  in  those  dread  days  the  martial  strains  or  bugle  call; 
their  only  aim  to  serve  their  country  well;  their  fondest1  hopes  to  soon  re 
turn,  and  tell  to  loved  ones  left  behind  of  glorious  conquest,  and  of  fame 
well  earned  through  toil  and  strife  and  much  of  sacrifice. 

Their  warrior's  dream  was  rudely  shattered  within  yon  prison  walls,  when 
after  sufferings  untold,  hunger  undescribed ,  sickness  beyond  endurance, 
their  wasted  forms  were  laid  to  rest  beneath  this  green  sward. 

'Tis  well  you  come  at  this  late  day,  to  pay  respect  to  those  who  merit 
more  than  the  living  can  give  to  them,  who  yielded  up  their  lives,  that  a 
nation  riven  through  fratricidal  strife  might  be  united  once  again,  to  stay 
united  until  time  shall  be  no  more. 

But  Esteemed  Sirs,  and  old  survivors,  the  glory  of  this  historic  event 
shall  not  be  yours  alone.  There  comes  to  join  with  you  in  this  good  hour  a 
remnant  of  another  army — the  army  of  Northern  Virginia — a  remnant  of 
an  amy  that  has  made  history  equal  to  that  of  Waterloo  or  Ancient  Thermo- 

3 


34  PENNSYLVANIA  AT   SALISBURY. 

pylae — a  remnant  of  an  army  that  left  more  comrades  sleeping  upon  the 
heights  of  Gettysburg,  in  your  own  Commonwealth,  in  unmarked  graves, 
than  sleep  today  in  this  silent  city  of  the  dead — a  remnant,  thank  Heaven, 
that  has  long  since  buried  the  bitterness  of  that  strife  and  come  today  10  ex 
tend  to  you  a  welcome  that  knows  no  bounds. 

And  with  them  comes  another  army,  descendants  of  immortal  sires  and 
now  enlisted  under  stars  and  stripes,  where  once  streamed  stars  and  bars, 
They  too  have  made  hislory  and  were  among  the  first  to  carry  our  nation's 
flag  to  victory  up  the  slopes  of  San  Juan  Hill.  And  others  still  in  this  vast 
throng,  the  best  of  citizenship,  the  fairest  and  lovliest  of  women  in  all  this 
South  Land,  yea,  and  the  children  from  our  city  schools  have  come  to  bid 
you  royal  welcome,  and  join  with  you  in  dedicating  this  memorial,  and  at 
the  same  time  to  erect  another,  which  shall  surpass  in  grandeur  and  be 
more  lasting  than  your  bronze  and  stone.  For  we  believe  'tis  true,  if 
erected  of  marble,  it  will  perish;  if  we  build  it  of  brass,  time  will  efface  it; 
but  if  we  construct  it  upon  the  fundamental  principles  of  justice  and  virtue, 
friendship  and  hospitality,  in  the  fear  of  God  and  with  love  towards  men, 
Ave  shall  erect  a  memorial  in  the  minds  of  all  who  come  under  its  benign  in 
fluence,  that  will  live  forever  and  brighten  all  eternity. 

And  of  these  we  would  build  it  today,  as  we  clasp  glad  hands  across  a 
chasm  of  half  a  century  and  give  you  a  cordial  welcome. 

The  noble  sentiments  you  utter  in  the  words  inscribed  on  bronze: 

"The  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania  erects  this  monument  to  perpetuate 
the  memory  of  the  dead,  and  not  as  a  commemoration  of  victory/'  strikes  a 
responsive  chord  within  our  hearts  and  we  throw  open  wide  our  doors  with 
hospitality  unbounded,  with  friendship  unexcelled,  with  cordiality  unre 
strained  and  Iberality  limited  only  by  cirncurnstances  and  the  time  you  have 
allotted  to  remain  in  our  midst. 

'Tis  with  genuine  pleasure,  in  behalf  of  this  citizenship,  as  a  City  Official, 
I  extend  to  you  the  keys  of  the  city  of  Salisbury  and  bid  you  take  full  con 
trol,  as  may  suit  your  will  and  pleasure.  These  keys  will  admit  you  to 
the  best  of  all  that  is  within  our  power  to  give.  Our  fondest  aim  shall  be 
to  make  you  feel  that  the  old  Salisbury  prison  has  become  indeed  a  myth , 
that  this  cemetery  is  now  but  a  trysting  place,  where  lovers  plight  their 
troth,  and  this  memorial  prepared  as  a  tribute  to  valor,  having  now  served 
its  purpose  as  such,  hence  forward  shall  remind  us  of  a  happy  union  of 
those  who  were  once  enstranged,  but  are  now  forever  reconciled. 

Thrice  welcome  t'o  our  city. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  The  response  to  the  cheering  words  of 
welcome  uttered  by  his  Honor,  the  Mayor  of  Salisbury,  will  be  made  by  a 
Comrade  known  from  ocean  to  ocean  as  an  orator  of  no  mean  power  and 
loved  and  respected  by  all  of  his  comrades.  Allow  me  to  present  Gen. 
Thomas  J.  Stewart,  Adjutant  General  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
past  National  Commander,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  35 

ADDRESS  OF  GEN.  THOMAS  J.  STEWART. 

PEOPLE  of  North  Carolina, — Ladies  and  Gentlemen:  It  is  a  great  honor 
and  one  which  1  deeply  appreciate,  to  be  designated  to  represent  my 
comrades  of  the  war,  and  the  people  of  Pennsylvania  assembled  here, 
in  voicing  their  appreciation  of  your  gracious  welcome  so  eloquently  ex 
pressed  by  your  distinguished  Governor,  and  also  by  the  Mayor  of  your 
beautiful  city.  Your  welcome  is  indeed  most  gracious  and  cordial.  We 
come  joyously  and  gladly  within  the  gates  of  the  historic  State  of  North  Car 
olina  ;  come  to  pay  tribute ,  and  to  commemorate  the  valor  and  devotion  to 
duty  of  the  sons  of  Pennsylvania  in  days  now  long  gone,  days  when  war, 
cruel  and  relentless  kept  us  far  apart,  days  in  which  men  in  blue  and  men 
in  gray  wrote  with  swords  and  bayonets  dipped  in  blood  the  heroic  chapters 
of  the  nation's  martial  history. 

Pennsylvania  was  not  always  welcome  in  North  Carolina  nor  was  North 
Carolina  always  welcome  in  Pennsylvania.  We  were  on  opposite  sides  in 
that  mighty  contest, — the  greatest  war  waged  by  men  in  all  the  tide  of  time. 
We  and  you  had  hopes  that  were  shattered,  altars  that  were  shivered,  hearts 
that  were  broken, — enemies  from  18(>1  to  IStio,  now  friends. 

Since  the  days  our  visit  commemorates  we  and  you  have  been  marching 
awray  from  war,  away  from  its  fields  of  blood,  its  hospitals  of  pain,  its 
prisons  of  cruelty. 

The  seasons  in  their  unceasing  round  have  covered  soldiers'  graves,  North 
and  South,  with  sweet  flo\vers,  and  moistened  them  with  dewy  tears,  and 
as  we  look  out  over  this  silent  camping  ground  of  our  heroic  dead,  in  this 
far  away  southland,  we  recall  the  words  of  the  poet  so  beautiful  in  tribute, 

"Oh    little    mounds    that    mean    so    much, 

We    compass    what    you    teach, 
And   our    worst    grossnoss    feels   the    touch 

Of  your  uplifting  speech. 
Yon    thrill    us   with    the    thoughts    that    flow 

Like    eucharaistic    wine, 
And  by  our  holy  dead  we   know 

That   life   is   still    divine." 

This  is  a  pilgrimage  of  peace.  We  have  waited  long  perhaps,  but  its  late 
ness  makes  it  all  the  more  significant. 

Today  there  is  little  of  the  bitterness  of  the  strife,  but  there  is  much  of 
thankfulness  for  the  blessings  wre  enjoy.  The  gray  are  here  with  the  blue. — 
conqueror  and  conquered,  all  full  of  gratitude  for  the  safety  in  our  homes, 
the  glory  in  our  flag,  the  hope  in  the  future  so  full  of  promise,  and  for  the 
glorious  institutions  and  the  mighty  Republic  that  was  saved  by  the  soldiers 
and  sailors  of  the  Union  from  the  consuming  flame  of  war. 

As  citizens  of  Pennsylvania  we  appreciate  the  warmth  and  cordiality  of 
your  welcome,  but  amid  the  exceeding  pleasure  of  this  occasion  there  is  a 
feeling  of  sadness  in  the  fact  that  all  who  wished  to  attend  on  this  occasion 
are  not  here.  Many  of  the  veteran  soldiers  are  detained  at  home  by  the  in 
firmities  of  age,  others  by  varied  misfortunes  of  life,  but  I  am  sure,  that 
today  in  Pennsylvania,  those  who  in  the  days  of  war  were  round  about  this 


3G  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

place,  and  felt  its  pain  and  privation  and  trials,  will  in  imagination  fol 
low  this  goodly  assemblage  throughout  the  ceremonies  of  the  day,  and  I  bring 
you  their  kindly  greeting  for  the  cordial  welcome  and  generous  hospitality 
you  this  day  extend. 

Many  of  the  men  in  whose  honor  we  are  here  to-day,  have  for  these  many 
years  been  sleeping  with  those  "whose  bones  are  dust  and  whose  swords  are 
rust,"  but  who  always  attend  in  spirit  form  the  re-unions  and  pilgrimages 
of  their  comrades  of  the  brave  days  of  old,  and  they  too  will  be  glad  to  know 
that  today  we  are  welcome  within  your  gates. 

This  day,  this  CfM-euiony,  this  pilgrimage,  will  fall  far  short  of  its  pur 
pose,  unless  it  shall  strengthen  the  bond  of  unity  between  the  people  of 
North  Carolina  and  Pennsylvania,  unless  the  tribute  we  pay  to  the  valor 
and  devotion  of  the  American  soldier  whether  he  wore  the  blue,  or  whether 
he  wore  the  gray,  shall  make  and  keep  the  children  of  the  future  as  brave  as 
their  fathers  were  in  the  past,  serve  to  keep  the  men  of  the  future  free 
from  national  error  and  make  them  in  their  day  and  time  defenders  of  the 
flag  and  of  the  unity  of  the  Republic,  thus  keeping  us  one  people  with  one 
destiny,  one  hope,  one  country  and  all  under  one  flag,  and  that  our  own  Star 
Spangled  Banner. 

Honored  Governor,  Mr.  Mayor,  for  all  here,  soldier  and  civilian,  men  and 
women  of  Pennsylvania,  and  for  the  great  Commonwealth  whose  sons  and 
daughters  we  are  proud  to  be,  I  thank  you  for  your  generous  hearty  welcome 
and  for  them  all  I  express  the  wish  and  voice  the  prayer  that  this  State  and 
its  people  may  be  prosperous,  her  homes  happy,  her  people  loving,  her 
fields  be  gardens  of  plenty,  within  her  gates  peace,  and  in  this  spirit  and 
this  wish  we  salute  the  people  of  North  Carolina. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  Comrade  "Bob"  will  kindly  favor  us  with 
Columbia,  the  Gem  of  the  Ocean. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  Comrades,  indeed  I  am  proud  of  the  per 
mission  allowed  me,  to  present  to  you  a  gentleman,  of  whom  I  can  say,  that 
no  owe  outside  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  has  contributed  more  towards 
the  successful  arranging  of  our  movement  and  reception  in  North  Carolina 
than  him,  and  it  is  with  feelings  of  the  profundest  gratitude  that  I  present 
to  you,  lion.  Lee  S.  Overman,  U.  S.  Senator  from  North  Carolina. 


ADDRESS  BY  HON.  LEE  S.  OVERMAN. 

IT  is  with  the  most  profound  regret  that  the  Commission  find  themselves 
unable  to  reproduce  in  full  the  loyal,   patriotic  and  masterful  address  of 
TJ.  S.  Senator  Lee  S.  Overman  of  North  Carolina,   who,   in  response  to 
an  unexpected  call  upon  him  by  President  Walker,  stepped  to  the  front,  and 
pointing  to  the  stars  and  strips  floating  over  his  head,  in  part  said,   "Coun 
trymen — The  men  of  North  Carolina  love  that  flag,   and  when  our  glorious 
country  needs  defense,   they  will  follow  it  to  glory  or  to  the  grave,  but  you 
must  not  be  unsympathetic  with  us  for  hallowing  that  other  flag  that  once 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  37 

waved  over  this  Southland.  Gentlemen,  our  brave  men  followed  it  for  four 
long  years,  and  saw  it  go  down  in  an  ocean  of  tears — Forever.  When  the 
calls  for  volunteers  to  the  Spa ish- American  War  came,  the  responses  from 
North  Carolina  were  so  liberal  that  the  Government  could  not  make  use  of 
all  of  them,  but  Gentlemen,  Lieut.  W.  E.  Shipp  a  North  Carolinian,  Ml  on 
San  Juan  Hill  in  defense  of  the  flag,  and  the  first  American  sacrifice  in 
that  struggle  was  Ensign  Worth  Bagley,  who  wont  to  glory  on  the  deck  of 
the  Winslow,  and — friends — they  brought  his  body  home  to  the  widow  of  a 
Confederate  General.  But  we  are  all  at  home  now — ono  great,  grand,  un 
divided,  indissoluble  country,  and  we'll  die  fighting  for  it."' 

The  Senator"  appeared  to  have  touched  the  keynote  of  the  occasion,  and 
was  cheered  to  tuV^cho. 

The  Commission  is  indebted  to  the  Charlotte,  North  Carolina  Observer  for 
the  above  extract. — Editor. 


PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER'S  CLOSING  OF  WELCOMES  AND  RE 
SPONSES. 

ON  behalf  of  the  Salisbury  Memorial  Commission,  and  as  President  of 
the  same,  to  you  Governor  Kitchin,  Mayor  Srnoot  and  Senator 
Overman,  for  your  many  kind,  loving  and  cheering  words  of  greeting 
and  welcome,  to  the  "Old  Johnnies"  present,  for  their  open-handed,  cordial 
and  warm  reception  to  the  "Yanks,"  and  to  the  ladies  and  citizens  of  Salis 
bury  for  their  constant  attention,  and  unbounded  hospitality  extended  to 
our  ladies,  our  guests,  and  ourselves,  you  have  our  thanks,  and  deep  down 
in  the  hearts  of  every  Pennsylvanian  here,  there  will  be  a  remembrance  for 
years  of  the  many  courtesies  received  by  them  on  this  momentous,  and  his 
torical  occasion.  Hoping  that  at  some  time  in  the  near  future  we  may  have 
an  opportunity  to  repay  you  in  kind,  we  now  extend  an  invitation  to  you  to 

Come    in    the    evening; 
Come    in    the    morning; 
Come   at    all    times; 
Come    without   warning, 
You    are    welcome. 


ADDRESS  OF  JAMES  D.  WALKER,  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  COMMIS 
SION. 

SOLDIERS   of  Pennsylvania   and   friends   of   our   Grand   Old  Common 
wealth:  It  is  a  pleasure  indeed  to  be  with  you  here,  on  a  place  made 
sacred  by  your  sufferings,  and  on  the  scene  of  your  trials,  tribulations 
and  temptations,  and  of  your  Comrades  who  sacrificed  their  lives  that  thpse 
United  States,   as  a  Nation,   should  forever  exist. 

Of  the  long  months  of  agonizing  anxiety,  suffering  and  torture,  endured 
here  by  you  men  and  your  dead  Comrades,  much  can  be  said,  but  little  need 
be.  It  will  be  enough  to  refer  you  to  the  Reports  of  the  Surgeons  of  this 


38  PENNSYLVANIA   AT  SALISBURY. 

Prison  and  to  the  reports  forwarded  to  the  Confederate  Government  by 
officers  of  the  Confederate  Army,  who,  at  different  times,  were  ordered  to 
proceed  to  Salisbury  and  investigate  conditions  existing  in  the  Prison  at  that 
place,  in  response  to  repeated  appeals  made  by  citizens  of  North  Carolina  to 
Governor  Z.  B.  Vance,  who  were  incensed  and  outraged  at  the  inhuman 
treatment  of  the  Yankee  Prisoners  confined  in  this  Prison. 

Of  these  reports  I  have  in  my  hand  two  or  three  and  my  only  reason  for 
reading  them  to  you  is  that  the  name  of  Zebulon  P>.  Vance  is  mentioned  in 
them  in  a  manner  that  should  ever  endear  his  memory  to  the  hearts  of  all 
who  were  confined  in  this  prison. 


OFFICIAL    RECORDS   OF   THE   UNION   AND   CONFED 
ERATE   ARMIES. 


SERIES  II,  Voi,.  VIII.    SERIAL  No.  121. 


State   of   North    Carolina,    Executive   Department. 

Raleigh,    February   1,    1865. 
Hon.   J.   A.    Seddon.    Secretary  of   War. 

Dear  Sir: — I  beg  leave  to  call  attention  to  the  condition  of  the  Federal  prisoners  of 
war  at  Salisbury,  N.  C.  Accounts  reach  me  of  the  most  distressing  character  in  regard 
to  their  suffering  and  destitution.  I  earnest'y  request  you  to  have  the  matter  inquired 
into,  and  if  in  our  power  to  relieve  them  that  it  be  done.  If  they  are  willfully  left  to 
suffer  when  we  can  avoid  it,  it  would  not  only  be  a  blot  upon  our  humanity,  but  would 
lay  us  open  to  a  severe  retaliation.  I  know  how  straitened  our  means  are,  however,  and 
will  cast  no  blame  upon  any  om-  without  further  information. 

Very  respectfully,   your  obedient  servant, 

Z.    B.    VANCE. 

State  of  North   Carolina.    Executive   Department. 

Raleigh,    February    1,    1865. 
General  Bradley  T.  Johnson,    Salisbury,    N.   C. 

Most  distressing  accounts  reach  me  of  the  suffering  and  destitution  of  the  Yankee 
prisoners  Minder  your  charge.  If  the  half  be  true,  it  is  disgraceful  to  our  humanity  and 
will  provoke  severe  retaliation.  I  hope,  however,  it  is  not  so  bad  as  represented;  but 
lest  it  be  so,  I  hereby  tender  you  any  aid  in  my  power  to  afford  to  make  their  con 
dition  more  tolerable.  I  know  the  great  scarcity  of  food  which  prevails,  but  shelter  and 
warmth  can  certainly  be  provided,  and  I  can  spare  you  some  clothing  if  the  Yankees 
will  deliver  as  much  to  North  Carolina  troops  in  Northern  prisons.  Tlease  let  me  hear 
from  you. 

Respectfully   yours. 

Z.    B.    VANCE. 

Salisbury,     N.    C. ,    February    17,    1865. 

General   S.    Cooper, 

Adjutant  and  Inspector  General  C.  S.   Army: 

General: — I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  at  Charlotte  on  the  14th  inst 
of  letter  of  instructions  of  February  10,  from  Col.  R.  H.  Chilton,  inclosing  a  com 
munication  from  His  Excellency  the  Governor  of  North  Carolina  to  the  Honorable  Sec 
retary  of  War,  in  regard  to  the  suffering  condition  of  the  Federal  prisoners  at  this 
post,  and  directing  me  to  make  an  immediate  inspection  of  the  prison  and  full  report  of 
the  subject.  That  they  have  not  received  the  full  amount  of  fuel  due  them  during  a 
season  of  more  than  ordinarily  inclemency  I  think  is  chargeable  more  probably  to  want 
of  energy  on  the  part  of  the  post  quartermaster,  Capt.  J.  M.  Goodman,  than  to  any 
other  cause.  Both  Major  Gee  and  Major  Morfit  profess  to  consider  the  actual  supply 
sufficient,  but  in  this  I  think  they  are  mistaken. 

A  better  plan  would  have  been,  failing  to  obtain  a  sufficient  supply  of  tents,  to  have 
constructed  cabins  of  pine  logs  and  shingles,  for  which  the  material  was  at  hand  in 
abundance,  and  labor  could  have  been  furnished  by  the  troops,  or.  if  necessary,  by  de 
tails  of  the  prisoners  themselves,  working  under  guard.  In  this  way  the  garrison  who 
guard  the  prisoners  have  been  made  comfortable;  so  misrht  have  been  the  prisoners.  I 
cannot  consider  it  therefore,  a  matter  of  choice  on  their  part,  that  at  the  time  of  my 
inspection  I  found  one-third  of  the  latter  burrowing  like  animals  in  holes  under  ground  or 
under  buildings  in  the  inclosure. 

One  of  the  most  prinful  features  connected  with  the  prison  is  the  absence  of  adequate 
provision  or  accommodation  for  the  sick.  For  a  period  of  nearly  one  month  in  December 


40  PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

and  January  the  hospitals,  I  was  told,  were  without  straw.  For  this  there  is  no 
excuse.  I  am  satisfied  that  straw  could  have  been  obtained  in  abundance  at  any  time 
the  county  (Rowan)  being  one  of  the  largest  wheat  growing  counties  in  the  State  and  I 
am  assured  by  Capt.  Crockford,  inspector  of  field  transportations  at  this  point  has  been 
in  excess  heretofore  of  the  requirements  of  the  post  in  January,  when  no  straw  was 
furnished,  he  found  thirty  animals  standing  idle  in  Captain  Goodman's  stable,  and 
consequently  ordered  them  to  be  turned  over.  All  sorts  of  filth  are  allowed  to  be  de 
posited  and  remain  anywhere  and  everywhere  around  the  quarters,  unsightly  to  the  eye 
and  generating  offesive  odors,  and  in  time  doubtless,  disease. 

Major  Gee,   the  prison  commandant,   as  an  officer,   is  deficient  in  administrative  ability 
but  in  point  of  vigilance,    fidelity,    and  in  everything  that  concerns  the  security  of  the 
prison  and   safekeeping  of   the   prisoners,    leaves  nothing  to  be  desired. 

I   have   the   honor   to   be,    General,    very   respectfully,    your   obedient   servant, 

T.    \V.'  HALL, 
Assistant   Adjutant   and   Inspector    General. 

Indorsement. 

Adjutant  and   Inspector  General's  Office, 

February    23,     ISdt. 
Respectfully  submitted   to  Honorable  Secretary  of  War. 

This  is  a  "report  of  inspection  of  prison  at  Salisbury,  N.  C."  made  in  compliance 
with  instructions  from  this  office  and  based  on  complaints  made  by  Governor  Vance,  of 
North  Carolina.  His  excellency,  the  Governor  only  mentions  in  general  terms  that  com 
plaints  of  a  distressing  character  had  reached  him  of  the  destitute  and  suffering  con 
dition  of  the  prisoners. 

R.    H.    CIIILTON, 

Assistant    Adjutant    and    Inspector   General. 

All  of  the  investigating  officers  report  the  conditions  of  this  prison  as  in 
tolerable ;  the  sufferings  of  the  prisoners  as  indescribable,  a  disgrace  to  hu 
manity,  and  suggest  that  measures  for  alleviating  the  same  be  taken  and  im 
mediate  relief  furnished. 

In  spite  of  these  appeals  and  official  reports  no  relief  was  granted.  On 
the  contrary,  existing  conditions  continued,  viz.,  the  over-crowding  of  the 
prisons,  the  insufficiency  of  and  the  kind  of  rations,  fuel,  shelter,  medical 
attention,  clothing,  hospital  accommodation,  water  for  drinking,  culinary 
and  sanitary  purposes  and  the  total  and  absolute  absence  of  any  provision  for 
sanitary  purposes.  To  such  an  extent  was  this  matter  neglected  that  In 
spector  General  G.  S.  A.  directs  special  attention  to  it  in  his  report  as  un 
sightly,  offensive  and  disease  breeding  and  the  stench  intolerable.  Thus  it 
remained  until  the  prison  was  destroyed. 

Comrades,  where  I  gifted  with  the  language  of  that  Master  of  French  Lit 
erature,  Victor  Hugo,  my  words  would  fail  to  adequately  portray  the  agony 
and  suffering  of  the  helpless  prisoners  of  war  confined  within  the  wooden 
walls  of  Salisbury  prison. 

And  yet  you  and  the  heroic  martyrs  to  principle  who  are  interred  here,  in 
the  face  of  temptations  stronger  than  the  temptations  of  St.  Anthony,  re 
mained  steadfast  and  unswerving  by  the  duty  demanded  of  you  by  your  coun 
try.  Daily  facing  death  in  a  more  fearful  and  horrible  form  than  that  of 
any  field  of  battle,  firmly  you  stood  in  your  oath  of  Allegiance  to  the  United 
States  and  Old  Glory.  With  a  devotion  sublime,  an  unselfish  patriotism,  an 
unflinching  courage  and  a  loyalty  to  duty,  unsurpassed,  you  made  a  mo.st 
brilliant  page  in  the  history  of  your  country  that  will  forever  rebound  to  the 
credit  and  glory  of  Pennsylvania. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  41 

Pennsylvania  has  always  been  true  to  her  soldiers,  were  they  hungry  she 
fed  them,  were  they  naked  she  clothed  them.  In  sickness  and  distress  or 
in  prison  she  succored  them,  and  when  they  returned  to  her  bosom  from 
battle  triumphantly,  she  generously  provided  for  them  and  nobly  protected 
their  off-spring.  To  her  soldier  dead,  she  paid  magnificient  tribute.  From 
Gettysburg  in  our  own  fair  state,  to  Vicksburg  on  the  banks  of  the  Mis- 
sissipi,  from  Chickamauga  to  Atlanta,  from  Shiloh  to  Anderson ville, 
within  and  without  her  borders  wherever  her  soldier  dead  lie,  Pennsylvania 
has  honored  their  memory  by  stones,  tablets,  monuments  and  memorials  of 
everlasting  marble,  granite  and  bronze,  and  to  honor  the  memory  of  her 
dead  who  lie  here  she  has  brought  you  the  remnant  of  her  thousands  who 
were  imprisoned  here  to  participate  in  the  dedicatory  services  of  this,  her 
most  chaste  and  beautiful  tribute  to  the  memory  of  any  of  her  Sons,  and 
afford  you  a  last  opportunity  to  wreathe  with  laurel  the  resting  places  of 
your  departed  comrades.  Pennsylvania  will  ever  honor  their  memory  and 
you  survivors  of  Salisbury  and  soldiers  of  Pennsylvania  she  will  ever  pro 
tect  and  care.  All  honor  to  that  noble  Mother  of  ours,  the  Grand  Old  Com 
monwealth  of  Pennsylvania.  To  the  patriotic  sons  of  Pennsylvania,  who 
made  it  possible  for  you  and  me  by  our  presence  here  today  to  contribute  to 
the  honoring  of  the  memory  of  our  dead  comrades,  our  thanks  are  clue. 

As  the  presiding  officer  of  these  ceremonies,  it  becomes  my  pleasant 
privilege  to  present  to  you  one  of  your  comrades,  Capt.  Louis  R.  Fortescue, 
a  brave  and  gallant  officer  of  the  Union  Army,  and  who  was  confined  for  a 
great  many  months  as  a  prisoner  of  war  in  various  Confederate  Prisons  and 
a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Salisbury  Couimisison,  will  tender  the  mem 
orial  to  the  Governor  of  Pennsylvania. 


(42 


TENDER   OF   MEMORIAL   TO   THE   STATE   OF  PENN 
SYLVANIA  BY  CAPT.  LOUIS  R.  FORTESCUE, 
A  MEMBER  OF  THE  COMMISSION. 


YOUR  Excellency,  Governor  Edwin  S.  Stuart  and  Staff,  Comrades, 
Ladies  and  Gentlemen:  In  pursuance  of  the  Act  of  the  Legislature  of 
Pennsylvania,  approved  the  13th  day  of  June  1007,  which  provided 
for  the  erection  of  a  suitable  monument  in  the  National  Cemetery  at  Salis 
bury,  N.  C.,  to  commemorate  the  heroism,  sacrifices  and  patriotism  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Soldiers  of  the  Union  Armies  of  the  War  of  the  Rebellion, 
who  died  in  the  Salisbury  Military  Prison  while  confined  there  as  prisoners 
of  war,  I  have  the  honor  of  presenting  to  you,  governor  of  our  much  loved 
Commonwealth,  on  behalf  of  the  Commission  you  were  pleased  to  designate 
for  this  duty,  and  of  which  I  am  a  member,  this  beautiful  memorial  which 
has  been  constructed  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  your  commission. 

Of  your  Commission  of  five,  all  had  been  prisoners  of  war,  two  at  An- 
dersonville,  Ga.,  the  others  at  various  places.  During  my  twenty  months 
imprisonment,  dating  from  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  I  had  been  in  various 
military  prisons  in  five  of  the  Southern  States,  but  never  at  Salisbury  ex 
cept  to  pass  through  here  under  guard  while  being  conveyed  farther  South, 
Gen.  Harry  White  being  the  only  member  of  our  Commission  who  was  con 
fined  here. 

Our  Commission  has  indeed  been  unfortunate  in  the  loss  of  some  of  its 
members.  There  are  events  occurring  all  around  us,  day  by  day.  which  are 
so  eloquent  in  themselves  that  no  words  that  fall  from  human  lips  ca.-i  add 
to  the  power  with  which  they  touch  our  hearts  and  move  our  sympathies. 
Death  is  one  of  these.  Humanity  never  felt  an  eloquence  like  that  which  his 
silent  presence  inspires.  lie  hns  come  to  us  with  noisless  tread  and  unseen 
hand  and  removed  to  his  kingdom,  two  loved  and  honored  companions  of  this 
Commission  when  almost  on  the  eve  of  the  completion  of  their  work. 

Col.  Ezra  II.  Ripple  of  Scranton  and  Capt.  William  IT.  Bricker  of  Car 
lisle.  Having  lived  in  an  age  stirring  in  events,  life's  fitful  fever,  with 
them,  is  over.  They  sleep  the  sleep  of  the  blessed.  Colonel  Hippie  near 
his  loved  homestead.  Captain  Bricker  in  sight  of  his  Nation's  Capital 
where  he  had  witnessed  many  exciting  occasions  so  momentous  in  our  coun 
try's  history.  Their  labors  are  ended,  their  work  is  finished,  their  records 
on  earth  made  up,  but  never  can  their  memory  fade  from  our  minds  while 
the  recollections  of  past  association  shall  continue  to  be  an  attribute  of  affec 
tion. 


( 43 ) 


44  PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

Brave  soldiers,  dear  comrades  farewell.  Wherever  thy  immortal  spirit 
rest  in  the  great  universe  of  God,  may  his  light  and  love  shine  upon  you. 

The  work  you  see  before  you  was  executed  by  Mr.  Carroll  J.  Clark  of 
Americus,  Ga.,  and  was  fully  completed  in  compliance  with  the  terms  of  the 
contract  on  November  1st  last.  Perfect  in  detail  and  of  marked  solidity 
may  it  ever  be  an  incentive  to  patriotism  to  the  youth  of  our  laud  and  an 
encouragement  and  an  inspiration  to  pure  and  noble  deeds. 

It  represents  a  large  following.  So  large  indeed  as  to  seem  almost  in 
credible. 

Eleven  thousand,  seven  hundred  soldiers  of  the  Union  Armies  who  died 
in  this  prison,  lie  buried  in  eighteen  trenches  near  this  monument. 

There  was  no  burial  record  ever  found  of  this  prison,  and  there  was  noth 
ing  to  mark  the  individual  resting  place  of  any  soldier.  A  hospital  record 
was  kept  of  those  who  died  in  the  hospital  and  the  name  of  3,504  are  re 
corded  therein. 

If  the  came  ratio  prevailed  throughout  the  prison  as  in  the  hospital,  then 
2,457  Pennsylvanians  gave  up  their  lives  in  this  prison.  No  other  prison  or 
battlefield  of  the  Civil  War  records  so  great  a  number  from  our  State. 

It  had  pleased  the  God  of  bidden  heroes  to  lay  them  in  unmarked  ground 
that  a  whole  nation  might  claim  their  burial  place  and  of  each  of  whom  it 
may  indeed  be  said,  as  is  written  of  the  chosen  Prophet  of  God,  "That  no 
man  knoweth  of  his  sepulchre  unto  this  day." 

Little  may  it  signify  to  them,  but  much  to  us  that  their  memory  should  be 
sanctified  by  some  enduring  record.  Therefore,  in  their  honor,  and  in 
memory  of  their  devotion  to  their  Country  a  grateful  Commonwealth  renders 
this  tribute. 

Here  in  the  camp  of  death. 

No    sound    their    slumber    breaks, 
There  is  no  fevered  breath 

Nor   wound   that   bleeds   and   aches. 

All   is   repose   and  peace 

Untrampled  lies  the  sod 
The   shouts   of   battle   have   ceased, 

It  is  the  truce   of  God. 

At  an  appropriate  period  of  the  address  of  Capt.  Louis  R.  Fortescue,  the 
memorial  was  unveiled  by  Miss  Helen  H.  Walker,  the  daughter  of  Colonel 
James  I).  Walker,  President  of  the  Commision. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  North  Carolinians  are  a  proud  people, 
proud  of  their  state,  proud  of  their  people  and  proud  of  their  record,  but 
not  more  so  than  Pennsylvanians  are  of  their  State,  their  people  and  their 
record,  and  there  is  no  one  person  or  thing  that  the  people  of  Pennsylvania 
are  more  proud  of  than  their  handsome,  scholarly  Governor  Edwin  S. 
Stuart,  who  will  for  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  accept  the  memorial  and 
place  it  in  the  care  of  the  United  States. 


r 

df^HSB***** 


Miss  Helen  H.  Walker,   who  Unveiled  the  Memorial. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT  SALISBURY.  45 

ADDRESS  BY  GOV.  EDWIN  S.  STUART. 

THE  absence  of  a  stenographer  at  the  dedication  ceremonies  was  very 
much  regretted,  it  preventing  us  from  inserting  the  masterly,  patriotic 
and  scholarly  impromptu  address  of  Governor  Edwin  S.  Stuart  in  ac 
cepting  the  memorial  for  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  and  transferring  it  to 
the  custody  of  the  United  States. 

It  was  a  field  day  of  oratory  and  of  all  the  speakers  that  addressed  the 
assembly,  no  one  was  more  happily  and  enthusiastically  received  than  the 
handsome,  stalwart  Governor  of  Pennsylvania.  The  reputation  of  Pennsyl 
vania's  sons,  suffered  none  at  his  hands,  and  in  no  wise  was  it  dimmed  or 
lessened  by  him;  only  additional  lustre  added  laurels  to  the  fame  of  Pennsyl 
vania  resulting. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  Comrade  "Bob"  will  kindly  favor  us  with 
"Tramp,  tramp,  tramp,  the  boys  are  Marching." 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  To  accept  this  memorial  for  the  U.  S. 
Government ,  an  assignment  more  satisfactory  to  the  Commission  could  not  be 
made,  and  we  feel  that  we  are  specially  honored  by  the  presence  here  today 
of  General  A.  L.  Mills,  Commander  of  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  U.  S. 
Army. 


ALDRESS  BY  GEN.  A.  L.  MILLS. 

GOVERNOR  Stuart,  Governor  Kitchin,  Mr.  Chairman  and  Meinuers  of 
the  Pennsylvania-Salisbury  Memorial  Commission,  Veterans  of  the 
Blue  and  the  Gray,  Ladies  and  Gentlemen:  The  Honorable  Secretary 
of  War,  who  is  the  executive  officer  charged  under  the  law  with  the  supervi 
sion  and  control  of  our  national  cemeteries,  having  designated  me  to  repre 
sent  him  at  these  ceremonies,  I  have  the  honor  and  great  pleasure  of  accept 
ing  for  the  Honorable  Secretary  of  War  this  enduring  memorial  of  granite 
and  bronze  to  the  memory  of  these  brave  soldiers  of  Pennsylvania  whose  lives 
were  given  here  for  their  country.  Governor  Stuart,  with  this  acceptance 
goes  the  assurance  of  the  Secretary  of  War  that  the  War  Department  will 
suitably  and  tenderly  care  for  this  monument  so  long  as  it  is  charged  with 
this  duty,  preserving  it  not  only  as  a  memorial  but  as  an  enduring  lesson  to 
foster  in  coming  generations  sentiments  of  patriotism  and  the  obligations  of 
our  citizens  to  our  country. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  Comrade  "Bob"  will  favor  us  with  the 
Star  Spangled  Banner,  everybody  rising  and  joining  in  the  chorus. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  To  the  Pennsylvanians  present  no  intro 
duction  of  the  orator  of  the  day  is  necessary,  for  over  fifty  years,  as  student, 
soldier,  statesman  and  jurist,  from  the  banks  of  the  Delaware  to  the  banks 
of  the  Ohio,  his  name  is  a  household  word,  as  an  officer  of  the  Union  Army 
he  spent  many  months  in  this  and  other  Confederate  prisons,  proud  I  am  in 
deed,  soldiers  of  the  South  and  citizens  of  North  Carolina  to  present  to  you 
Gen.  Harry  White,  a  Pennsylvanian  born  and  bred  and  a  member  of  this 
Commission. 


4<>  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

ORATION  OF  GEN.  IIAIIRY  WHITE. 

COMRADES,  Ladies,  Fellow-citizens:  Though  late  in  the  afternoon,  this 
cool  season  of  the  year,  your  reception  has  been  so  hearty  and  cordial 
that  I  must  recall  a  little  occurrence  which  the  soldiers  wrill  appre 
ciate,  of  one  night  on  the  picket  line  in  front  of  Petersburg,  February, 
1865,  the  lines  then  not  far  apart.  I  was  Division  Grand  Officer  of  the 
day  and  making  the  grand  rounds.  I  heard  a  voice  across  the  lines, 
"Hello  Yank,"  then  a  quick  response,  "llelio  Johnny,  what  do  you  want?" 
Then  the  inquiring  reply,  "Have  you  any  oil'.'"  To  which  the  Yank  replied, 
"None  here  but  plenty  in  camp."  Then  the  Johnny,  who  by  a  coincidence 
was  of  a  North  Carolina  Regiment,  cried  out,  "Anoint  yourself  and  slide 
over."  Well,  we,  some  of  the  same  Yanks,  have  come  over  at  last  and 
your  smooth,  oily  words  have  anointed  us  with  the  oil  of  gladness.  This, 
perhaps,  because  you  think  we  follow  St.  Paul,  and  love  righteousness  and 
hate  iniquity. 

But  no  ceremony  is  vain  or  time  misspent  which  gives  right  instruction 
for  human  thought  and  correct  direction  for  social  duty.  The  time  was 
when  the  utterance,  I  am  a  Roman  citzien  was  a  motto  to  a  devotion  little 
less  sacred  than  Faith  in  the  Cross.  This  time,  this  place,  this  occasion, 
suggests  that  we  all  here  are  American  citizens  and  the  government  that 
makes  us  such  gives  greater  opportunities,  has  a  prouder  history  and  im 
poses  more  serious  duties  than  any  other  ever  organized  by  man.  It  is  well 
on  occasions  like  this  only  to  make  utterances  to  which  all  can  agree.  We 
are  citizens  of  a  Republic. 

"Where   Soverign   law,    the   states   collected   will, 

O'er   throngs  and  globes   elate, 
Sits  empress,    crowning  good,    repressing  ill." 

From  Aristides  we  learn,  "Neither  wars,  theaters,  porches  nor  sense 
less  equipage  make  states,  but  men,  who  are  able  to  rely  on  themselves," 
The  Tyro  in  political  science  reads  in  gestic  lore  of  the  Republics  along  the 
Mediterranean  and  Adriatic  and  dwells  on  the  story  of  the  mother  of 
the  Gracchii  or  of  Leonidas  at  Thermopylae  and  his  three  hundred,  and 
gathers  from  them  and  kindred  legends  patriotic  resolve.  Such  Republics, 
however,  were  but  cities,  cantons,  and  their  dependencies. 

But  those  forty-one  pilgrims  who,  Nov.  lUliO,  on  William  Brewster's 
chest  lid  signed  the  agreement  that,  ''Having  undertaken  for  the  Glory  of 
God  and  advancement  of  the  Christian  Faith  and  honor  of  our  King  and 
Country,  a  voyage  to  plant  the  first  colony  in  the  northern  parts  of  Vir 
ginia,  do  solemnly  and  mutually,  in  the  presence  of  God  and  one  another, 
covenant  and  combine  ourselves  into  a  civil  body  politic  for  our  better  or 
dering  and  preservation  and  furtherance  of  the  end  aforesaid  ;  and  by  vir 
tue  hereof  to  enact,  constitute  and  frame  such  just  and  equal  laws,  ordi 
nances,  acts,  constitution  and  officers  from  time  to  time,  as  shall  by 
thought  most  convenient  for  the  general  good  of  the  colonies,  brought  to  the 
new  world  the  principles  of  civil  and  religious  liberty  which  made  the 
foundation,  in  the  wilderness  of  America  of  that  Republic  in  which  the 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT   SALISBURY.  47 

sun  lengthens  the  day  as  it  passes  from  -sea  to  sea  and  the  birds  of  the  air 
find  two  climates  in  her  north  and  her  south,  having,  also,  a  great  inland 
sea  running  2,000  miles  through  fifteen  states,  whose  citizens  speak  one 
language  and  are  governed  by  homogenous  laws. 

When  Paul  Revere  in  April,  1775,  took  his  midnight  ride  to  give  warn 
ing  at  Lexington  and  Concord,  the  thirteen  colonies,  since  states,  had  a 
population  of  less  than  3,000,000  of  people,  now,  by  the  thirteenth  census, 
the  United  States  proper  has  a  population  of  90,500,000  and  a  wealth  of 
revenues  and  resources  practically,  beyond  computation.  A  power  in  the 
world's  affairs  of  conceded  greatness,  influence  and  example.  To  no  sec 
tion  of  the  country  does  the  name  and  fame  of  Washington  belong,  lie 
knew  no  North  and  no  South,  but  only  the  welfare  of  his  whole  Country, 
and  he  was  happiest  in  the  noble  simplicity  of  his  life  when  his  great  work 
was  done. 

"Such    graves    as    bis    are    pilgrim    shrines, 
Shrines  to  no  code  or  creed  confined," 

and  around  them  men  from  the  Northland  and  men  from  the  Southland, 
touching  elbows,  can  stand  in  brotherly  love  with  patriotic  devotion  and 
rejoice  at  the  greatness,  the  peace  and  progress  of  their  common  country. 

When  the  Revolution  had  ended  in  victory  and  established  an  independent 
government,  all  the  states  united  in  adopting  a  constitution  for  stronger 
and  better  government,  which  in  its  preamble  clearly  declares  its  great  pur 
pose.  This  constitution,  Prof.  Henry  Sumner  Maine,  in  his  lectures  at 
Oxford  University,  recently,  formally  declared  to  be,  "The  most  im 
portant  political  document  of  modern  times."  This  constitution,  my  coun 
trymen,  belongs,  as  well  as  the  glorious  achievements  of  the  revolution,  to 
all  sections  of  the  Country  ;  to  the  South  as  well  as  to  the  North. 

Pennsylvania  with  her  Governor,  as  Chief  Executive  of  the  Common 
wealth,  with  cabinet  and  staff,  representing  the  dignity,  patriotism  and  in 
telligence  of  more  than  7,000,000  of  people,  is  here  to  honor  the  memory 
of  Pennsylvania  soldiers  buried  in  yonder  graves  and  also  to  return  greet 
ings  to  the  Commonwealth  of  North  Carolina.  On  the  invitation  of  Penn 
sylvania  there  are  here,  also,  many  comrades  who  imprisoned  with  the  dead 
here  survive  the  severities  and  harshness  of  prison  life.  The  commission,  all 
of  whom  wore  the  blue,  created  by  law  to  erect  that  monument  to  the  mem 
ory  of  the  Pennsylvania  soldiers  buried  here  have  also  come,  except  two 
of  the  original  number,  Col.  K.  II.  Ripple  and  Captain  W.  H.  Bricker,  both 
brave,  faithful  soldiers,  who  have  died  within  the  past  year.  Honor  to 
their  memory. 

Pennsylvania,  apart  from  special  occasion  or  duty,  always  comes  to  North 
Carolina  with  no  hesitating  step.  These  two  states  have  much  patriotic  his 
tory  in  common.  While  the  Mecklenburg  Declaration  of  Independence  of 
May  20,  1775  is  not  recognized  officially  and  historically  as  the  original 
adopted  by  the  American  Congress,  yet,  the  resolution  "That  we  hereby  de 
clare  ourselves  a  free  and  independent  people  and  of  right  ought  to  be  a  sov 
ereign  and  self-governing  association  under  the  control  of  no  power  other 


48  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

than  that  of  our  God  and  the  general  government  of  Congress,"  adopted 
there,  is  so  in  harmony  with  the  Declaration  of  Independence  Hall,  that 
Pennsylvania  and  North  Carolina  have  so  often  stood  together  in  patriotic 
effort 

The  name  of  John  Penn,  indeed,  appears  as  one  of  the  signers  from 
North  Carolina  to  the  Declaration  of  Independence  of  July  4,  1776,  and 
he  was  appointed  by  Robert  Morris  to  aid  in  collecting  revenue  for  the  new 
Republic.  It  was  in  1766  that  two  Philadelphia  merchant  vessels,  the  Lobbs 
and  Patience  when  seized  by  British  authority  because  their  clearance  papers 
had  not  the  obnoxious  stamps,  were  delivered  at  Washington  by  an  uprising 
of  brave,  determined,  North  Carolinians.  It  is  a  frank  admission,  indeed, 
that  Pennsylvania  in  1722,  when  it  put  in  practice  the  "Paper  Money  Loan 
System,"  was  instructed  by  the  example  of  the  Bills  of  Credit  issued  by 
North  Carolina  in  1713,  which  was  about  the  earliest  issue  of  paper  money 
by  any  of  the  colonies.  And,  it  is  believed,  when  in  1749,  James  Davis 
issued  at  Newbern  the  "North  Carolina  Gazette"  he  followed  the  example 
of  our  Franklin,  who  had  issued  some  years  before  "The  Pennsylvania  Gaz 
ette." 

William  Blount,  Richard  Dobbs  Spaight  and  Hugh  Williamson,  as  the 
North  Carolina  delegates  in  Philadelphia,  promptly  there  signed  the  Con 
stitution  of  the  United  States  and  soon  after  the  State,  by  decisive  vote, 
following  the  example  of  Pennsylvania,  adopted  it.  The  man  from  North 
Carolina  visits  Philadelphia  and  with  uncovered  heads  stands  in  Inde 
pendence  Hall  as  at  the  Altar  of  American  Liberty;  the  man  from  Pennsyl 
vania  stands  before  the  Battle  Monument  at  Kings  Mountain  and  feels  he 
is  on  hallowed  ground. 

The  visit  and  sojourn  here  of  the  authorities  and  citizens  of  Pennsylvania 
is  not  to  a  foreign  land  or  in  an  enemy's  country,  but  Americans  visiting 
Americans  in  their  own  land  and  country.  For  a  while,  some  years  ago, 
such  a  visit  would  not  have  received  welcome  hospitality  here. 

While  early  in  1861  the  then  Governor  of  North  Carolina  favored  the 
states  seceding  and  joining  the  confederacy,  yet  the  mass  of  people  were 
opposed  to  it,  and  January  28,  1861,  voted  against  any  convention  for  the 
purpose.  The  advocates  of  secession  predicted  no  war  would  follow  and 
ridiculed  any  thought  of  it.  And  it  is  narrated  that  one  of  its  advocates, 
if  not  in  this  very  City  of  Salisbury,  yet  in  this  part  of  the  State,  de- 
pricated  the  fear  or  apprehension  of  war  and  at  one  point  in  his  address 
sneeringly  said  of  war,  "Listen  to  me;  spell  the  word,  WAR,  war,  a 
very  small  word  of  only  three  letters."  A  voice  in  the  audience  instantly 
replied,  "Hell  has  only  four." 

The  great  mass  of  this  people  hearkened  to  the  pleadings  of  a  distinguished 
statesman  of  the  South  in  his  efforts  to  turn  the  people  from  the  maelstrom 
of  secession  and  rebellion,  as  in  public  address  he  said  in  answer  to  the 
sneer  that  the  Northern  people  would  not  fight,  "I  plant  myself  on  the  in 
flexible  laws  of  human  nature  and  the  unvarying  teaching  of  human  ex 
perience  and  warn  you  this  day  that  no  government  half  as  great  as  this 
Union  can  be  dismembered,  and  in  passion,  except  through  blood.  You 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  49 

had  as  well  expect  the  fierce  lightning  to  rend  the  air  and  make  no  thunder 
in  its  track  as  to  expect  peace  to  follow  the  throes  of  dissolving  government. 
I  pass  by  the  purile  taunts  at  my  devotion  to  the  best  interests  of  the  peo 
ple  among  whom  I  was  born  and  reared  *  *  *  *  and  again  tell  you, 
dissolve  the  Union  and  war  will  come.  I  cannot  tell  when,  but  it  will 
come  and  be  to  you  a  most  unequal,  fierce,  vindictive  and  desolating  war." 

North  Carolina  was  led  unwillingly  into  such  war.  I  am  not  an  entire 
stranger  here  nor  to  the  evidences  of  that  mad  excitement  that  dragged  this 
State  into  the  confederacy  and  coerced  her  into  rebellion.  With  no  resent 
ment  or  unpleasant  purpose  to  recall  the  bitter  past,  I  may  narrate, 
briefly,  some  history  of  those  crucial  times  to  illustrate  the  truth  of  my 
utterances.  Let  me  however,  assure  you,  my  countrymen,  that  as  a  soldier 
following  the  dear  flag  for  nearly  four  years,  I  would  not  open  or  irritate 
any  of  the  healed  or  healing  wounds  of  that  war  for  the  dissolution  of  this 
Union.  In  common  with  all  surviving  soldiers  of  that  time,  I  want  peace 
and  contentment  in  my  country  in  all  its  parts.  In  the  angriest  time  of  the 
war,  at  the  battle  of  Winchester,  Va. ,  June  15,  1SG3,  on  the  advance  of 
Lee's  Army  to  Gettysburg,  I  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  the  9th 
Louisiana  Regiment,  commonly  called  the  "Tigers."  All  exchanges  had 
been  stopped. 

I  said  Lee's  Army.  It  was,  indeed,  then  a  great  army  of  Veterans,  well 
equipped  and  supplied,  confident  of  victory,  for  after  capture  I  was  taken 
through  it,  and  heard  all  around,  "We're  going  on  to  Washington."  Less 
than  5,000  of  us  Union  soldiers  were  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  to  confront 
Swell's  Corps,  the  left  of  Lee's  great  Army.  For  three  days  we  did  the 
best  we  could.  That  was  June,  18G3.  If  in  two  weeks  thereafter  the  suc 
cess  at  Gettysburg  and  the  surrender  at  Vicksburg  had  not  come  to  re- 
sanctify  the  4th  of  July,  Appomatox  might  never  have  occurred  and  the 
fate  of  our  now  great  Republic  been  uncertain. 

After  months  in  the  Libby  with  varied  experience,  omitting  details,  on 
Christmas  Day,  1863,  I  was  called  from  the  other  prisoners  and  under 
guard,  with  peculiar  experience  sent  to  Salisbury,  North  Carolina,  arriving 
here  at  two  o'clock  the  morning  of  the  27th  of  December,  1S63.  I  was 
soon  put  under  special  guard  and  to  a  cell  in  solitary  confinement  with  a 
constant  sentinel  at  the  door  of  that  dark,  contracted  apartment,  I  paced 
so  often.  I  was  later  privately  informed,  by  an  officer  of  the  prison,  that  I 
was  sent  here  with  an  order  from  Gen.  Winder,  which  I  repeat  from  mem 
ory.  "I  send  you  Major  White  of  the  07th  Penn'a  Rcgt,  an  important 
prisoner.  You  will  deprive  him  of  all  valuables  and  put  him  in  close  and 
solitary  confinement  and  allow  no  one  to  speak  to  him  but  the  officer  of  the 
day." 

At  this  brief  recital,  the  scenes,  conditions,  and  thoughts,  on  arrival 
here  that  midnight  hour,  December  27,  1863,  unbidden,  panorama-like 
pass  in  review.  I  may  be  pardoned  to  pause  here  to  improvise  a  reminis 
cent  utterance.  Separated,  indeed,  exiled  from  all  soldier  or  friendly  com 
rades  clad  in  blue,  fading  and  soiled  from  service,  infested  with  annoying 


50  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

inhabitants,  known  to  all  old  soldiers,  not  now  to  be  named  to  people  in 
clean  and  tidy  attire,  uncertain  of  the  sentence  accompanying  or  the  fate 
that  awaited,  consigned  to  and  surrounded  by  war  enemies  who,  naturally 
thought  me  some  bad  man,  some  guilty  malefactor  and  then  the  tramp  of 
the  sentinel  on  his  beat  at  the  door  of  my  solitary  confinement  continually 
heard,  the  fortitude  and  discipline  of  the  soldier  life  could  hardly  prevent 
feelings  of  desolation  and  despair.  1  would  draw  the  veil  of  oblivion  over 
that  time. 

But  what  a  contrast  here  and  now.  The  receding  sun  of  this  hour  adds 
beauty  to  the  scene  and  reveals  the  cheerful,  friendly  faces  cf  this  vast 
audience  which  has  given  us  so  cordial,  indeed,  a  royal  North  Carolina  re 
ception. 

Leaving  that  bitter  past  behind  I  feel  as  if  I  had  awakened  from  night 
mare  dreams.  It  is  glorious  to  have  awakened  from  those  dark,  depressing 
dreams,  indeed,  real  scenes  of  the  past.  Its  gloom  is  gone  as  present  events 
arouse  to  the  consciousness  of  a  new  and  bright  career,  buoyant  in  hope, 
rich  in  promise  for  the  future  of  our  restored  country. 

It  is  a  bold  leap  by  which  our  minds  clear  the  depths  between  misery  and 
happiness.  But  to  conclude  the  narration  began  to  show  conditions ;  the 
prison  officials,  through  the  intervention  of  a  female,  later  discovered  I 
was  not  sent  here  as  a  criminal  malefactor,  but  because  of  presumed  promi 
nence  in  Pennsylvania  affairs,  all  of  which  appears  in  a  quasi  official  state 
ment  of  Judge  On  Id,  Commissioner  of  Exchange  at  Richmond,  my  place  of 
solitary  confinement  was  changed  for  the  balance  of  the  winter,  18(53-64,  to 
a  small  building  near  the  headquarters,  at  the  entrance  of  which  a  sentinel 
was  placed  at  every  two  hours  relief.  Of  course,  this  was  to  keep  me 
from  all  hostilities  in  obedience  to  the  Richmond  Orders. 

One  day  a  precious  episode  occurred  in  the  irksome  weariness  of  my  prison 
life.  Of  this  I  here  gladly  speak.  A  most  distinguished  citizen  of  this  com 
munity,  indeed,  of  this  whole  state,  if  not  of  the  United  States,  was  al 
lowed  to  visit  me  in  January  or  February,  18(54.  The  Hon.  Nauthaniel 
Boyden,  an  eminent  lawyer  and  citizen  of  Salisbury.  You,  doubtless,  all 
knew  him  well,  (here  IT.  S.  Senator  Overman,  ou  the  platform,  spoke  up, 
saying,  "Yes,  a  distinguished  lawyer  and  judge  on  our  Supreme  Bench.") 
Thank  you  for  the  statement.  He  had  been  in  Congress  with  Abraham  Lin 
coln,  in  1847.  Both  Whigs  of  the  time,  they  knew  each  other  well  and 
were  intimate  friends.  I  may  not  detail  in  this  formal  address  all  the  ex 
tended  interview.  But  he  had  canvassed  the  state  against  the  seccession 
movement.  I  could  cite  his  narrations  in  confirmation  of  my  belief  and 
statement  that  the  masses  of  North  Carolina  were  devoted  to  the  Union 
and  not,  at  heart,  in  favor  of  secession.  Mr.  Boyden,  as  many  hearing 
me  may  know,  was  a  most  important  factor  in  leading  the  people  at  that 
election,  January  28,  1861,  to  vote  against  joining  the  Confederacy.  He 
knew  Mr.  Lincoln  well,  his  ability,  integrity,  sincerity  and  kindness  of 
heart,  he  assured  the  people  of  his  faith  in  the  utterances  of  the  inaugural 
address  of  the  new  President,  in  which  he  said,  that  his  great  and  solemn 
purpose  was  to  preserve  the  Union  and  not  interfere  with  the  institutions 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  51 

of  the  Southern  States  and  that  in  their  hands,  the  people  of  the  threatening 
states,  was  the  momentous  issue  of  Civil  War.  Having  been  born  in  the 
North  he  told  the  people  of  this  state,  they  were  mistaken  if  they  thought 
the  men  of  the  North,  in  case  of  war,  would  not  fight.  But,  continuing 
he  said,  when  Suinpter  was  tired  on  and  75,000  men  called  for  at  Washing 
ton,  the  people  went  wild  with  excitement  and  alarm.  lie  knew  then  the 
most  terrible  war  of  modern  times  had  begun  and  believing,  from  blockading 
and  other  war  movements,  families  and  people  of  his  state  would  be  deprived 
of  many  conveniences  and  comforts  he  took  the  precaution,  early,  to  gather 
a  supply  of  tea,  coffee  with  other  necessary  home  conveniences  and  clothing 
for  his  household.  And  taking  from  his  head  a  silk  hat,  said  he,  also,  had 
bought  several  hats,  though  they  might  not  be  of  the  latest  style,  yet,  he 
had  them.  Proceeding  with  his  narration,  he  said  that  now,  the  people 
around  him  had  seen  the  truth  of  his  prediction  about  a  terrible  war  and 
that  the  voters  of  his  senatorial  district,  Itowan  with  other  counties  of  the 
district,  had  just  elected  him  to  the  Senate  of  North  Carolina  to  fill  a 
vacancy  and  wanted  him  to  go  up  to  Raleigh  and  help,  if  possible,  to  make 
peace  and  smilliugly  added,  he  was  powerless  to  do  that.  Of  course  he  was. 
Mr.  Boyden  was,  indeed,  a  wise  man. 

When  in  the  late  fall  of  1804  I  escaped,  regained  my  liberty,  and  later 
going  through  Washington  to  rejoin  my  command,  below  Petersburg,  I  saw 
Mr.  Lincoln,  and  told  him  of  Mr.  Boyden,  when  he  immediately  said,  "Ah! 
Nathaniel  Boyden  !  I  knew  him  well  and  esteemed  him  highly.  Tell  me 
what  he  says." 

Of  course,  I  related  the  prison  interviews  and  the  great  President  listened 
with  interest. 

Further  reference  to  this  visit  to  the  President  might  be  omitted,  but  as 
an  item  of  history,  possibly,  of  some  influence  for  some  military  movements, 
it  may  interest.  A  Cabinet  officer  and  General  B.  F.  Butler  we're  present. 
This  in  November  1864.  Appomatox  less  than  five  months  off.  The  un 
rest  in  Western  North  Carolina  was  discussed  with  such  information  as  I 
could  give,  and  Genera'  Stoneman,  with  whom  after  his  unsucessful  raid  in 
Georgia,  in  August  1804,  I  was  in  prison  in  Macon,  and  Charleston,  S.  C. , 
later  in  the  winter  of  1865  with  a  force  from  East  Tennessee,  invaded  North 
Carolina  to  give  opportunity  as  I  understood,  to  the  Union  sentiment  to 
rally  for  practical  results.  With  Sherman,  then,  in  the  east,  and  Stoneman 
in  the  West,  North  Carolina  certainly  felt  the  severities  of  that  war  the 
majority  of  her  people  at  first  opposed. 

It  is,  then,  no  exaggerated  statement  that  in  the  early  period  of  secession 
agitation  there  was  much  similarity  of  attachment  to  the  Union  in  this  State 
that  existed  in  East  Tennessee,  and  if  North  Carolina  had  co-operated  with 
East  Tennessee  I  have  always  thought  that  the  Civil  War  would  have  been 
of  short  duration.  But  when  May  20,  1801,  North  Carolina  joined  Virginia 
and  both  went  into  the  Confederacy  and  made  Richmond  its  Capital,  the 
bloodiest  bitterest  war  of  modern  times  was  inevitable.  It  had  to  be  fought 
to  victory  or  defeat.  Many  still  living  here  know,  fdt  and  recall  that  sad, 
painful  time. 


52  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

Many  Southern  people  think  or  imagine  the  North  did  not  feel  the  burdens 
and  distress  of  that  war  time.  Let  such  thought  be  dismissed.  Out  of  the 
white  population  of,  then,  27,000,000  in  the  North,  2,494,592  of  the 
average  age  of  2G  years,  were  in  the  field;  at  least,  two-fifths  of  those 
subject  to  military  duty  in  the  whole  North.  Of  these,  359,528  were  killed 
in  battle  or  died  of  disease  during  the  war.  To  this  vast  army  Pennsylvania 
sent  388,000  men,  more  than  40,000  of  whom  were  killed  in  battle  or  died  of 
disease  before  the  war  ended,  and  many  of  them  lie  in  unmarked  and  un 
known  graves.  In  yonder  cemetery  there  lie  12,132  men  who  wore  the  blue 
and  left  the  comfort  and  plenty  of  their  homes  to  fight  for  the  Union.  The 
names  of  but  97  of  them  are  marked  on  their  graves,  all  others  are  marked 
"unknown." 

More  than  a  million  of  men  enlisted  in  the  South  to  fight  for  secession. 
Reliable  records  do  not  tell  how  many  of  them  were  killed  or  died  in  the 
war. 

While  North  Carolina  was  late  to  join  the  Confederacy  her  soldiers  made 
a  brave  and  formidable  foe.  We  met  some  of  them  at  Winchester.  We  may 
not  invidiously  discriminate  among  them,  but  there  was  a  great  mortality 
ac  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg  among  her  soldiers.  It  is  reliably  reported  the 
26th  North  Carolina  Regiment  lost  not  less  than  95  men  killed  out-right  in 
battle,  while  Pettigrew's  and  Daniel's  North  Carolina  Brigades  lost  800  men 
killed  and  wounded  there.  In  the  history  of  the  Count  of  Paris,  it  is 
claimed  these  two  brigades,  in  that  battle  lost  more  killed  and  wounded  than 
Picket's  entire  Division. 

Standing  here  as  on  a  pedestal  of  observation  it  is  hard  to  realize  the 
magnitude  of  the  conflict.  Time  has  mellowed,  indeed,  dispelled  the  asper 
ities  of  that  fighting  time.  That  fight  had  to  come.  I  may  not  detail  the 
causes.  On  some  things  there  was,  indeed,  an  irrepressible  conflict. 
Through  the  crucible  of  war  it  has  disappeared  and  it  is  instructive  patriot 
ism  to  stand  about  the  graves  of  those  who  have  died  in  the  great  battle  to 
settle  the  disputed  questions  that  disturbed  and  ever  would  have  disturbed 
the  peace  of  the  Republic.  The  slogan  cry,  now  everywhere,  is  the  equality 
of  all  men  before  the  law.  That  is,  that  every  man  can  be  heard  in  de 
fense  of  his  rights,  personal  and  property.  It  is  the  very  rock  of  our  po 
litical  truth.  "Whosoever  shall  fall  upon  it  shall  be  broken  and  upon  who 
soever  it  shall  fall  it  will  grind  him  to  powder."  There  will  never  again 
be  such  a  war  in  this  country. 

Pennsylvania  is  here  today  with  no  hostile  thought, 

"The  evil   that  men  do,    live  after  them, 
The  good  is  oft'  interred  with  their  bones." 

She  has  erected  this  monument  to  perpetuate  the  good  deeds  of  her  sons, 
many  of  whom  lie  in  yonder  graves.  How  many  the  record  does  not  say  but 
there  are  many.  Pennsylvania  has  never  been  unmindful  of  her  citizen 
soldiers.  They  have  been  followed  to  the  battle-fields  and  places  of  suffering 
with  the  benedictions  of  the  good  and  benevolent  of  the  Commonwealth  and 
it  is  her  crowning  glory  that  during  and  after  the  war,  she  gathered  the 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

helpless  and  destitute  orphans  of  her  dead  soldiers,  adopted,  maintained 
and  educated  them  as  her  children,  starting  them  panoplied  and  equipped  for 
the  battle  of  life. 

When  the  Pennsylvanians  buried  yonder  died  this  was  called  the  enemy's 
country.  You  have  patiently  listened  to  me  speaking  much  of  North  Caro 
lina,  also,  some  utterances  about  personal  experiences;  this,  indeed,  not  to 
excite  your  sympathies  and  interest,  but  because  I  had  the  experiences  to 
give  to  illustrate  the  conviction  that  Pennsylvania  and  North  Carolina  never 
should  have  been  and  are  not  today  enemies  about  the  elementary  principles 
of  our  republic.  We  leave  here  our  dead,  buried,  yonder,  with  no  thought 
that  they  lie  in  an  enemy's  country  or  in  a  foreign  land. 

When  Aratus,  that  hero,  soldier,  statesman,  after  having  sought  to  unite 
the  Greek  states  in  a  great  independent  nation,  died  in  Aegium,  the  Achaens 
wanted  him  buried  there,  by  the  Sicyons,  for  whom  he  had  done  so  much, 
declared  burial  anywhere  but  in  their  city  was  a  calamity.  The  Delphian 
Oracle  was  consulted  to  settle  the  dispute  and  answered, 

"Sicyon,    whom  oft'    be   rescued,    'Where   you   say,' 
Shall  we   the   relics  of  Aratus  lay 
The  soil   that   would   not  lightly  o'er  him   rest, 
Or    to    be    under    him    would    feel    opprest, 
Were   in   the   sight   of   Earth   and   seas    and   skies   unblest." 

There  comes,  then,  the  echo  of  this  oracular  and  beautiful  sentiment  along 
the  corridors  of  centuries,  let  these  American  soldiers  lie  in  North  Carolina, 
where  they  died. 

PRESIDENT  J.  D.  WALKER:  The  exercises  of  the  day  will  close  by 
singing  the  hymn,  God  be  with  you  till  we  meet  again,  led  by  comrade  "Bob," 
and  all  join  with  her.  Following  the  singing  of  the  hymn,  the  benediction 
will  be  offered  by  the  Reverend  W.  B.  Duttera  of  Salisbury,  N.  C. 


SALISBURY. 
BY  CAPTAIN  LOUIS  R.  FORTESCUE. 

TO  die  in  battle,   falling  at  the  front  in  a  conflict  worthy  of  one's  life 
strug.de,   seems  a  fitting  end  to  a  soldier's  earthly  career,  and  there 
are  few  but  can  anticipate  that  with  a  measure  of  restful  satisfaction. 
But  to  be  disarmed  and  held  a  captive,  and  to  lanquish  on  in  inactivity  with 
an  absolute  knowledge  that  those  in  whose  charge  they  have  been  placed, 
aimed  at  their  extermination,  by  a  most  malicious  and  infamous  torture,   is 
a  fate  from  which  the  mind  recoils  and  which  the  bravest  cannot  contemplate 
without  a  shudder. 

The  sufferings  and  endurance  of  prisoners  of  war,  form  a  dark  chapter  in 
the  record  of  great  military  operations  all  along  the  latter  centuries,  and 
commanders  and  governments  are  often  more  severly  criticized  for  the 
treatment  of  soldier  prisoners  than  for  murderous  conduct  in  the  field  in  the 
most  reletless  warfare. 


54  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

The  treatment  of  Union  prisoners  by  the  so-called  Confederate  authorities 
must  in  the  light  of  history  be  considered  the  most  cruel  and  inhuman  known 
among  civilized  people  in  modern  times.  In  support  of  this  there  is  abundant 
testimony,  not  only  among  the  officers  and  men  who  suffered  long  incarcera 
tion,  but  the  evidence  of  those  of  the  medical  fraternity  who  were  designated 
by  their  own  goverment  to  examine  the  various  conditions  of  the  various 
military  prisons,  but  whose  reports,  amply  confirming  the  barbarous  treat 
ment  of  the  prisoners  there,  received  little  or  no  consideration  at  the  hands 
of  those  in  authority. 

Those  captured  in  the  earlier  engagements  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion 
were  in  many  instances  paroled  and  released  on  the  battle  field  at  the  close 
of  the  engagement  to  be  exchanged  when  a  cartel  should  be  agreed  upon  for 
such  exchanges,  but  the  frequent  interruptions  or  violations  of  the  agreements 
by  the  so-called  Confederate  authorities,  from  the  flimsiest  of  prextexts,  re 
sulted  in  the  retention  by  them  of  thousands  of  our  soldiers  who  ultimately 
died  from  the  horrible  conditions  imposed  upon  them,  and  were  buried  within 
sight  of  their  places  of  imprisonment. 

The  prison  at  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  ranked  well  up  with  the  deadly  pen  at 
Anderson ville,  of  which  much  has  been  written,  in  the  variety  and  excess 
of  its  borrows,  as  well  as  in  the  number  of  its  victims,  the  number  of  deaths 
there  being  twelve  thousand,  one  hundred  and  twelve. 

A  brick  factory,  four  stories,  40  by  100  feet,  with  five  buildings,  formerly 
used  as  boarding  houses  for  the  operatives,  constituted  the  prisons  at  Salis 
bury. 

A  board  fence  surrounding  them,  inclosed  about  five  acres  of  ground.  Prior 
to  1864  comparatively  few  prisoners  had  been  received  here.  In  October  of 
that  year  ten  thousand  Union  soldiers  were  sent  to  this  point,  crowding  the 
inclosure  to  its  utmost  capacity.  The  buildings  were  soon  filled  with  the  sick 
and  dying.  Those  who  failed  to  obtain  admission  in  these  remained  without 
shelter  other  than  one  much  worn  sibley  tent  for  each  hundred  men,  and 
were  exposed  to  the  rigors  of  the  following  winter.  Nearly  one-half  of  them 
perished. 

In  November,  1804,  the  prisoners,  driven  to  desperation  by  starvation 
and  torture,  attemped  to  escape  by  forcing  the  guard,  but  a  regiment,  hap 
pening  at  that  moment  to  arrive  by  a  train,  the  unarmed  and  emaciated 
men  were  soon  overpowered,  the  artillery  and  guards  opening  on  them  and 
continuing  the  fire  for  some  time  after  the  wretched  inmates  had  surrendered, 
many  of  whom  having  been  too  weak  to  take  an  active  part  were  begging  for 
mercy. 

The  infamous  John  II.  Gee  commanded  this  prison.  His  beastly  and 
hellish  nature  reveled  in  the  misery  and  suffering  which  surrounded  him. 

The  customary  dead  line  was  established  at  a  distance  of  ten  feet  from  the 
stockade,  and  here,  as  elsewhere,  it  was  the  trap  which  lured  the  un 
suspecting  victim  to  sudden  death.  The  surface  of  the  ground,  on  which  this 
prison  was  located  was  a  red  clay,  which  the  heavy  rains  converted  into 
another  "Slough  of  Despond."  Water  for  the  prisoners  was  brought  from  a 
distance  of  half  a  mile  in  barrels. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  55 

One  of  the  few  who  survived  the  martyrdom  of  this  prison,  reached  there, 
with  some  others,  on  December  (>,  1804.  They  found  that  no  shelter  was 
provided,  and  for  the  first  few  nights,  they  slept  on  the  ground.  After  a 
little  while  they  started  to  digging  holes,  using  a  case  knife  and  half  a 
canteen.  Holes  were  dug  about  two  feet  square  and  five  feet  deep  and  then 
tunneled  under  about  five  feet.  In  these  they  slept  at  night  and  staid  in 
most  of  the  day. 

The  rations  were  issued  at  odd  times  during  the  day.  The  divisions  were 
in  charge  of  a  Sergeant-Major,  and  the  squads  in  charge  of  a  Sergeant. 
The  regular  ration  was  bread,  rice  and  soup — the  bread  being  sometimes 
made  of  corn  meal,  sometimes  of  corn  meal  and  ground  cobs,  sometimes 
from  wheat  and  shoots,  and  often  from  a  mixture  of  these.  The  rations 
were  cooked  in  houses  inside  of  the  stockade.  They  got  occasionally  about 
three  spoonfuls  of  molasses  two  or  three  times  in  three  months,  and  oc- 
cassionally  a  few  small  potatoes. 

The  quantity  of  wood  issued  to  each  squad,  of  about  one  hundred  men, 
was  what  one  to  seven  men  could  carry  once  a  day  about  fifteen  rods.  It 
was  broken  up  with  railroad  spikes.  The  first  floor  of  the  main  building  was 
used  as  a  hospital,  but  was  totally  inadequate  for  the  wants  of  the  prisoners 
and  badly  furnished.  Many  of  the  prisoners  were  partly  demented  and  all 
were  dirty,  filthy  and  ragged. 

The  dead  were  carried  out  and  deposited  in  what  was  termed  the  dead- 
house.  From  thence  they  were  taken  in  a  cart  about  half  a  mile  and  buried 
in  trenches.  From  twenty  to  sixty  bodies  would  be  lying  in  the  dead-house 
in  the  morning.  There  was  no  day  in  the  week,  or  hour  in  the  day,  from 
S  A.  M.  to  4  P.  M.  but  that  this  dead-cart  could  be  seen  carrying  the  lifeless 
forms  of  Union  prisoners  to  their  long  resting  place,  with  their  bodies  piled 
one  on  the  other,  as  market  men  pile  hogs. 

There  is  an  expression  on  the  face  of  the  man  who  dies  of  starvation  that 
is  heart  rending  to  look  upon.  Never  have  1  witnessed  on  any  battle-field 
anything  that  so  horrified  the  senses,  shocked  the  imagination  or  led  the 
mind  to  such  diabolical  thoughts  towards  the  enemies  of  my  country  and 
humanity,  as  the  sight  of  these,  my  brother  soldiers,  thrown  into  that  dead- 
cart  as  nude  as  when  born,  and  so  covered  with  dirt  that  is  was  almost 
impossible  to  tell  a  white  from  a  black  man. 

The  importance  of  a  bountiful  and  constant  supply  of  pure  water  to  the 
comfort  and  health  of  men  assembled  in  large  numbers  cannot  be  over 
estimated.  Its  absence  is  at  all  times,  even  under  ordinary  circumstances, 
a  fearful  and  certain  source  of  disease  and  suffering.  No  stronger  instance 
of  the  appalling  efr'ects  of  such  deprivation  exists  in  the  annals  of  human 
affairs  than  is  found  in  the  history  of  the  Southern  Military  prisons,  notably 
that  at  Salisbury. 

The  fearful  accounts  which  all  have  read  of  the  terrible  effects  of  thirst  in 
siege  and  ship-wreck  have  their  counterpart  in  the  experience  of  the  Union 
prisoners,  and  on  a  scale  seldom  equaled  in  the  magnitude  of  its  horrors. 
If  there  is  a  country  in  the  world  where  facilities  for  the  attainments  of  this 


5G  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

great  sanitary  feature,  the  bountiful  supply  of  pure  water  for  camp,  prison, 
and  hospital,  exist  beyond  all  others,  it  is  between  the  Potomac  and  the  Rio 
Grande.  It  is  a  land  of  sparkling  brooks,  bubbling  springs,  and  noble 
rivers.  No  shadow  of  excuse  can  exist  on  the  part  of  the  southern  authori 
ties  for  a  deprivation  which  even  the  instinct  of  man  and  brute  seeks  to  avoid. 
Yet  among  the  sufferings  and  agonies  of  the  rebel  military  prisons,  there  is 
hardly  one  that  cannot  be  traced  to  the  want  of  the  necessary  supply  of  pure 
water.  The  location  of  the  Salisbury  prison  appears  to  have  been  made  for 
the  purpose  of  avoiding  a  full  supply  of  this  most  precious  anxilliary  to  the 
comfort  and  convenience  of  man  by  denying  its  use  to  the  prisoners.  Even 
where  wells,  properly  dug,  would  have  increased  the  supply,  it  was  pre 
vented  by  the  want  of  tools,  which  the  authorities  had  the  power,  but  re 
fused  to  furnish,  showing  that  this  deprivation  was  intentional  and  willful. 
The  custom  which  prevails  among  the  rebel  captors  and  officers  of  robbing 
the  prisoners  of  their  clothing  at  the  time  of  capture  rendered  their  destitution 
in  this  respect  truly  deplorable  during  imprisonment.  In  the  last  two  years 
of  the  war  it  was  an  uncommon  occurrence  for  any  prisoner  to  be  found  with 
an  entire  suit  of  clothing.  In  nearly  every  individual  case  the  Union  soldier 
was  robbed  of  some  article  of  clothing,  while  in  many  instances  he  was 
stripped  to  shirt  and  drawers,  these  constituting  his  only  rainment. 

At  times,  prisoners  who  had  remained  long  in  captivity  were  found  ex 
posed  to  all  vicissitudes  of  climate  and  weather,  entirely  naked,  while  their 
parched  skin,  first  blistered  by  the  scorching  rays  of  the  sun,  had  at  last 
assumed  the  hue  and  semblance  of  leather.  To  supply  their  pressing  need 
of  clothing  they  were  compelled  to  strip  their  bodies  of  their  dead  comrades, 
frequently  becoming  infected  with  the  disease  of  which  they  had  died.  This 
destitution  of  clothing,  where  the  prisoner  was  without  shelter,  was  on  one 
of  the  most  frightful  causes  of  disease  and  death. 

The  entire  absence  of  excuse  for  this  destitution  is  found  in  the  fact  that 
the  rebel  guards  were  well  and  comfortably  clad.  No  record  has  been  found 
to  show  that  the  rebel  authorities  ever  issued  to  a  prisoner  clothing  from  their 
own  stores,  even  during  the  winter  months.  Nor  is  this  all.  There  is 
abundant  evidence  to  show  that  they  not  only  took  the  clothing  from  the 
person  of  the  prisoner,  but  when  blankets  and  clothing  were  sent  by  the 
sanitary  and  Christian  Commissions  of  the  North,  they  were  withheld  from 
the  prisoners,  wholly  or  in  part,  as  the  disposition  of  the  Commandant 
might  dictate. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  prisoners  would  have  been  spared  much 
excruciating  suffering,  and  the  lives  of  many  heroic  men  saved,  had  the  dis- 
distribution  of  clothing  and  blankets  been  faithfully  carried  out.  At  several 
of  th'e  prisons  the  arrival  of  such  supplies  was  made  known  to  the  prisoners 
by  the  rebel  guards,  who  would  appear  upon  their  posts  with  the  uniforms 
and  blankets  fresh  and  new,  bearing  the  stamp  of  the  United  States  or  of 
the  Sanitary  Commission. 

The  diseases  most  prevalent  at  Salisbury  were  diarrhoea,  typhoid  fever 
and  scurvy,  and  to  these  may  be  added  insanity  and  total  blindness. 


PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY.  57 

The  long  continued  filthy  and  crowded  condition  here,  with  foul  and  in 
sufficient  water,  the  constant  exposure  to  the  burning  sun  and  chilling  dews, 
with  scant  and  insufficient  clothing,  and  without  shelter,  the  great  scarcity 
of  fuel  for  warming  and  cooking  purposes,  the  inferior  quality  and  limited 
quantity  of  food,  the  almost  total  absence  of  vegetable  diet,  together  with 
harsh  personal  treatment,  causing  great  bodily  suffering  and  mental  anxiety, 
all  combined  to  induce  and  aggregate  these  diseases.  It  has  been  fully  shown 
that  thousands  of  prisoners  of  war  who  were  originally  able-bodied  men, 
whose  habits  were  good,  whose  minds  were  cultivated,  and  whose  patriotism 
was  pure,  were  by  a  pre-arranged  and  zealous  executed  plan,  deliberately 
sacrificed  by  the  introduction  and  carrying  out  of  a  system  of  privations, 
hardships  and  cruelties  without  parallel  in  the  history  of  civilized  nations. 

At  this  prison  from  September  1864  to  February  1S65  (five  months),  the 
condition  was  as  follows: 

Number  of  prisoners  confined,    10,000 

Deaths    during    that    time,     5,000 

Per  cent,  of  mortality ,    .50 

Here  during  its  occupancy,  12,11-  prisoners  died.  "My  Squad,"  said  a 
soldier  after  his  release,  numbered  one  hundred  men  on  the  6th  of  December 
1864,  and  when  we  cnme  out  from  there  on  the  22nd  day  of  February,  1865, 
we  drew  rations  for  thirty-nine  men,  sixty-one  of  the  number  having  died.'' 

The  following  inspection  report  of  General  John  II.  Winder,  made  to  the 
Confederate  Secretary  of  War,  December  13,  1864,  gives  an  insight  into 
the  condition  of  the  Salisbury  Military  prison  as  known  to  the  heads  of 
their  so-called  government  at  that  time. 

December    13,    1864. 
Headquarters  Prison  East  of   the   Mississippi, 

Salisbury,     N.    C. 
General : 

I  have  the  honor  to  report  that,  having  inspected  at  Florence,  S.  C.,  from  whence  my 
last  communication  was  dated  I  proceed  where  I  uo\v  am. 

I  am  sorry  to  say  I  fear  I  shall  be  detained  some  days  as  I  find  an  unpleasant  state 
of  things  among  the  officers.  Indeed  I  fear  I  shall  be  obliged  to  assume  command  of  the 
post  for  a  short  time,  but  this  I  shall  not  do  unless  forced  to  do  it. 

In  my  communication  from  Florence  I  spoke  of  the  unfitness  of  both  place  and  this  as 
sites  for  prisoners. 

I  will  uow  state  at  some  length  the  reason  why  I  hold  that  opinion.  The  site  at  this 
place  is  very  objectionable  for  six  reasons,  either  of  which  I  think  conclusive. 

1.  There  is  a  scarcity  of  water,    as  the  wells  fail  and  cannot  afford  a  sufficient  supply 
for  the  number  of  prisoners  even   now  here. 

2.  There  is   not  nor  can  there   be  a   place   for  sinks,    as   there   is   no   stream,    and   the 
sinks  have  to  be  dug  inside,   or  if  outside  could  only  be  removed  a  few  feet.     The  stench 
is  insupportable  both   to  the  prisoners  and  the  people  in  the  vicinity. 

3.  The   soil   is  entirely   unfit   for  a   prison,    being  stiff,    sticky  clay,    and  after   a   slight 
rain   is  over  shoe-tops   in   mud,    without   a   dry  spot   within   the  enclosure. 

4.  The    prison    is    immediately    within    the    town,    and    defences    could    not    be    erected 
without  destroying  much  property,    and  could  not  be  defended,    when  erected  on  account 
of  the  proximity   to  the  buildings,    which   if   tried  would   drive  out   the  garrison.      In   the 
last  outbreak  one  of  the  three  shots  fired  struck  the  principal  hotel  in  the  town. 

5.  Experience  has  proved   that   proximity  to  a  town  is  extremely  objectionable  and  in 
jurious. 

6.  Wood  is  so  distant   that   it   is  next  to  impossible  to  keep  up  a   sufficient  supply  and 
the  expense  is  enormous.     Thirty-nine  wagons  and  teams  are   required,    and  then  only  a 


58  PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

scant  supply  furnished  to  prison  and  guard.  One  hundred  cords  per  day  are  required  for 
troops  and  prison,  which  at  $20.00  per  cord  is  $60,000.00  per  month  or  $720,000.00  per 
year. 

In  a  month  the  saving  would  probably  cover  the  expense  of  purchase.  On  the  land 
proposed  to  be  purchased  the  tups  of  the  trees  used  for  a  stockade  and  the  wood  already 
on  the  ground  would  serve  the  post  for  more  than  a  year. 

Two  raids  have  been  reported,  by  the  enemy,  whicn  would  indicate  a  disposition  on 
the  part  of  the  enemy  to  operate  against  the  prisons. 

Having  said  this  much  by  way  of  objection  to  the  present  site,  I  would  make  this 
further  suggestion,  that  the  property  here  at  Salisbury,  on  which  the  prison  is  erected, 
be  sold  for  $150,000.00.  It  cost  originally  $15,000.00  in  bonds.  This  would  pay  for 
another  tract  and  all  the  workshops  to  employ  usefully,  for  our  benefit,  the  labor  of 
the  prisoners. 

The  ratio  of  mortality  at  Salisbury  and  Florence  exceeds,  I  think,  that  at  Anderson- 
ville. 

I  feel  satisfied  that,  if  authorized  to  carry  out  the  above  suggestions,  I  could  by  that 
means  relieve  the  confederacy  of  all  expense  connected  therewith  even  perhaps  to  feeding 
the  prisoners. 

Very   respectfully, 

JOHN    H.    WINDER, 

Brig.    General. 

General   S.    Cooper,    Adjutant  General, 
Richmond,    Va. 

The  following  extracts  are  from  the  report  of  Major  T.   W.  Hall,    Inspector  General. 

"A  memorandum  statement  of  Major  Morfit,  Prison  Quartermaster  accompanying  this 
report  shows  the  amount  of  fuel  received  and  due  the  prisoners  from  January  1,  to 
February  15,  18G5.  That  they  have  not  received  the  full  amount  due  them  during 
a  season  of  more  than  ordinary  inclemency." 

"I  think  it  chargeable  more  probably  to  want  of  energy  on  the  part  of  the  post 
Quartermaster,  Capt.  J.  M.  Goodman  than  to  any  other  cause.  Both  Major  Gee  and 
Major  Morfit  profess  to  consider  the  actual  supply  sufficient,  but  in  this  they  are 
mistaken.  The  proximity  of  the  prison  to  railroads  affords  every  facility  for  obtaining 
a  supply  of  fuel,  which  can  be  deposited  in  any  quantity  needed  within  less  than  one 
hundred  yards  of  the  prison  and  unloaded  and  transported  by  the  labor  of  the  prisoners 
themselves." 

"One  of  the  most  painful  features  connected  with  the  prison  is  the  absence  of  ade 
quate  provision  or  accomodatiou  for  the  sick.  There  is  no  separate  hospital  enclosure, 
but  with  a  few  exceptions,  as  will  be  seen  from  my  report,  all  the  buildings  in  the 
prison  yard  are  used  as  hospitals." 

The  number  of  sick  in  the  hospital,  February  15th  was  five  hundred  forty-six.  There 
was  entire  absence  of  hospital  comforts,  bedding,  necessary  utensils,  etc.  The  reason  as 
signed  on  the  occasion  of  my  first  visit  (Feb.  1st),  was  that  it  was  useless  to  supply 
these  articles,  as  no  guard  was  kept  inside  the  prison  yard,  and  they  would  inevitably 
be  stolen.  Surgeon  John  Wilson,  Jr.,  the  medical  officer  at  present  in  charge,  is  en 
deavoring  to  supply  these  deficiencies,  and  has  made  several  improvements,  but  much 
remains  to  be  done.  There  are  bunks  for  not  more  than  one-half  of  the  sick;  the  rest 
lie  upon  the  floor  or  ground,  with  nothing  over  them  but  a  little  straw,  which  on  Feb 
ruary  16th  had  not  been  changed  for  four  weeks.  For  a  period  of  nearly  one  month  in 
December  and  January,  the  hospitals,  were  without  straw.  There  is  no  excuse  for  this 
as  straw  could  be  obtained  in  abundance  at  any  time  from  the  fact  that  I  found  thirty 
animals  standing  idle  in  Capt.  Goodman's  stable  which  1  ordered  turned  over  for  this 
purpose." 

"The  cxesesive   rate  of  mortality,    as  shown  by  the  prison  returns,    merits  attention." 

"Out  of  10,321  prisoners  of  war  received  October  5,  1864,  according  to  the  Surgeon's 
report  2,918  have  died,  a  less  period  by  sixteen  days  3,479  have  been  buried.  The  dis 
crepancy  is  explained  by  the  fact  that  in  addition  to  the  deaths  in  the  hospital,  a  num 
ber  die  daily  in  their  quarters,  without  the  knowledge  of  the  surgeons  and  without  re 
ceiving  attention  from  them."  This  discrepancy,  which  in  December  amounted  to  223, 
and  in  January  to  192  had  diminished  in  February.  The  actual  number  of  deaths,  out 
side  of  the  hospital,  during  that  period  would  show  little  falling  off  from  the  number 
in  previous  months.  Although  diseases  of  the  bowels  are  most  prevalent,  the  prisoners 
appear  to  die,  more  from  exposure  and  exhaustion  than  from  actual  disease." 
"Inside  of  the  prison  there  appears  to  be  no  proper  system  of  dicipline  or  police." 
The  excuse  given  by  Major  Gee,  was  the  want  of  tools,  and  through  danger  of 
trusting  picks  etc.,  in  the  hands  of  the  prisoners. 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

"The  excuse  I  did  not  do«-m  sufficient.  Wooden  scrapers  and  brooms  with  wheelbarrows 
can  be  readily  furnished  by  the  prison  quartermaster,  and  would  easily  answer  every 

PUTTubsequently  brought  the  matter  to  the  attention  of  General  Bradley  T.  Johnson 
who  promised  to  see  that  the  necessary  orders  were  enforced." 

"As  respects  the  question  of  the  condition  of  the  prisoners,  I  am  of  the  opinion  that, 
so  far  as  their  sufferings  have  resulted  from  causes  within  the  control  of  the  government 
or  its  officers  they  are  chargeable." 

1.  To  the  unfortunate  location  of  the  prison,    which  is  wholly  unsuitable  for  the  pur 

^'TO   the  want   of   administrative   capacity,    proper   energy   and   effort   of   the   quarter 
master's  department,  charged  with  the  duty  of  supplying  the  prison.     To  attempt  an  exact 
apportionment  of  the  blame  between  Major  Gee,   Major  Morfit,   and  Capt.  J.  SI.  Goodman, 
would  probably  be  irrelevant  to  the  purpose  of  this  report.     Having  had  occasion  ir 
inspection  of  the  post  of  Salisbury  to  examine  the  affairs  of  these  officers.     I  cannot  i 
that   I  consider  either  sufficient  in   their   present  positions. 

Yours  very  respectfully, 

T.    W.    HALL, 
A.    A.    &   I.   G. 

General  S.  Cooper, 

A.   &  I   General  C.   S.    A. 

INDORSEMENTS. 

H  4°— Salisbury,  N.  C.,  February  17,  18G3,  Captain  T.  W.  Hall,  Assistant  Adjutant 
and  Inspector  General.  Report  of  inspection  of  the  Confederate  States  Military  Prison, 
Salisbury,  N.  C.  instituted  under  special  instructions  from  Adjutant  General's  office, 
including  letter  of  Governor  Vance. 

This  report  reflects  upon  the  prison  and  post  quartermaster  at  Salisbury,  «.  C.  In 
such  manner  as  to  call  for  further  action. 

If  the  report  be  correct,  they  should  at  least  be  removed  to  positions  of  less  re 
sponsibility. 

By  command  of  Secretary  of  War, 

SAMUEL  W.    MELTON, 

A.   A.   G. 

REPORT  OF  SURGEON    IN   CHARGE. 
"A   number   of   deaths   among   federal   prisoners    in  January   1S65." 

In  hospital _• 

Number  of  deaths  in  quarters  January  1S65,    

Number  of  deaths  in  hospital  from  Feb.   1,    to  13,   1865 195 

Number  of  deaths  in  quarters  from  Feb.   1,    to  13,    18C5,    80 

Total,    1007 

On  the  ISth  of  February  1SG5  General  Bradley  T.  Johnson  in  command  at  Salisbury  re 
ports  among  other  things,  as  follows: 

On  the  1st  of  February  Dr.  Wilson,  prison  Surgeon  made  a  requisition  for  10,000  pounds 
of  straw ;  also  one  hundred  bunks.  Up  to  the  12th  of  February  he  hud  received  800  pounds 
of  stray  and  no  bunks;  the  sick  prisoners  therefore  lie  on  the  bare  ground, 
and  from  the  1st  to  the  31st  of  January  seven  hundred  and  thirty-two  (732)  of  them 
died.  From  February  1st  to  13th  two  hundred  and  seventy-five  (275)  died  out  of  5,500, 
the  number  on  hand. 

It  is  proper  to  state   that   Captain   Goodman,    the   post   quartermaster's   excuse 
furnishing    fuel    is    that    transportation    on    the    railroad    has    been    interrupted.      For    t 
same  reason  he  alleges  he  could  not  get  lumber  to  make  bunks;  and  the  straw,  he  says,  he 
could   not   get.     This   country    abounds    in   the   latter   article.     For   a    country    as    full    of 
wood   as  this,    energy  and  industry  would   have  formed   a  depot   to   provide   for  such   con 
tingencies. 

His  main  employment   is  to  furnish   these  troops   and   the  prisoners,    and  the   rest 
of  the   country   are   abundant   in  labor   and   material   to   furnish   everything   requisite. 

I  have  waited  for  two  months  in  hopes  that  I  could  remedy  these  evils,  but  my 
authority  over  staff  officers,  being  only  as  inspector  under  General  orders  No.  48,  I  am 
powerless.  I.  therefore,  urgently  and  respectfully  ask  that  he  be  relieved  at  once,  the 
evils  are  pressing  and  need  instant  remedy. 


00  PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 

This  force  is  more  than  ample  to  tlo  everything  necessary  to  be  done  if  properly 
managed.  I  cannot  be  responsible  for  the  troops  committed  to  my  charge  and  the  lives 
and  safe  keeping  of  prisoners,  without  a  change  is  made  in  this  office  and  this  officer  re 
moved. 

BRADLEY   T.    JOHNSON, 

Brigadier   General. 
Brigadier   General,    W.    M.   Gardner, 
Richmond,    Ya. 

Governor  Vance  of  North  Carolina,  afterwards  United  States  Senator, 
wrote  the  Confederate  Secretary  of  War,  as  follows: 

State   of   North    Carolina, 

Executive  Department, 
Raleigh,     February    1,     1865. 

Dear  Sir: — I  beg  leave  to  call  your  attention  to  the  condition  of  the  Federal  prisoners  of 
•war  at  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Accounts  reach  me  of  the  most  distressing  character  in  regard  to  their  suffering  and 
destitution.  I  earnestly  request  you  10  have  the  matter  inquired  into,  and,  if  in  our 
power  to  relieve  them  that  it  be  done. 

If  hey  are  willfully  left  to  suffer  when  you  can  avoid  it,  it  would  be  not  only  a  blot  on 
our  humanity,  but  woud  lay  us  open  to  a  severe  retaliation.  I  know  how  staighteued  our 
means  are,  however,  and  will  cast  no  Maine  upon  any  one  without  further  information. 

Very   respectfully, 

Z.     B.     VANCE, 
Hon.    .7.    A.    Seddon, 
Secretary   of   War. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  so-called  confederacy  was  well  supplied  with 
inspection  oflicers,  who  together  with  other  staff  officers  made  frequent  reports 
of  the  condition  and  treatment  of  prisoners  of  war  to  the  various  departments 
of  their  War  Department  where  they  were  referred  from  one  office  to  another, 
until  finally  lost  sight  of  in  some  pigeon-hole,  and  that  was  the  last  heard  of 
them,  until  resurrected  among  the  captured  rebel  archives. 

History  furnishes  no  nobler  example  of  heroism  than  is  shown  in  the 
readiness  with  which  the  Union  prisoners  met  death  in  its  most  dreaded  foims, 
and  spurned  the  guilty  bribes  of  liberty  and  life  offered  by  their  jailors. 
When  death  was  reaping  a  ghastly  harvest  and  more  than  a  hundred  a  day 
were  borne  out  of  these  death  pens,  there  was  a  standing  offer  of  liberty 
to  those  who  would  renounce  their  allegiance  to  their  country.  Among  the 
Union  prisoners  were  skilled  workmen  of  every  trade,  whose  services  as 
mechanics  were  eagerly  desired  by  the  Confederate  authorities,  and  were 
sought  on  assurances  of  freedom,  good  pay,  shelter,  food  and  all  bodily 
comforts. 

A  beggarly  corporal's  guard  only  were  induced,  in  all  those  fearful  months 
to  yield  to  the  tempters,  out  of  the  thousands  of  capiives  held.  Amid  all 
this  suffering  and  despair  there  was  no  faltering  in  their  love  for  the 
Union,  or  a  whisper  of  diminished  faith  in  the  ultimate  triumph  of  our 
cause.  Unconquerable  love  and  faith  amid  these  scenes  of  horror  and  suf 
fering  was  the  crowning  glory  of  the  Union  prisoners. 

Dr.  Valentine  Mott,  of  New  York,  the  formost  surgeon  of  his  time, 
who  expired  on  hearing  the  tidings  of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln, 
whose  f-riend  he  was,  declared  before  a  Committee  of  Congress,  that  in  the 
active  practice  of  his  profession  as  a  physician  and  surgeon,  covering  a 
period  of  over  fifty  years,  and  accustomed  as  he  was  to  witnessing  human 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY.  <J1 

suffering  in  all  its  most  painful  phases,  none  of  the  scenes  witnessed  iu  his 
personal  or  professional  life  could  begin  to  compare  with  the  condition  in 
which  he  found  the  released  prisoners  of  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Andersonville, 
Ga.,  and  Florence,  S.  C. 


GUESTS  PRESENT  AT  THE  DEDICATION   CEREMONIES. 

Governor  W.  W.  Kitchin  and  staff,  lion.  Lee  S.  Overman,  Salisbury,  N. 
C.,  Hon.  Edwin  C.  Gregory,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Hon.  E.  R.  Overman,  Salis 
bury,  N.  C.,  General  Julian  S.  Carr,  Durham,  N.  C.,  Dr.  John  Whitehead, 
Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Hon.  L.  II.  Clement,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Hon.  Theo.  F. 
Kluttz,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Hon.  T.  C.  Linn,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Hon.  A.  L. 
Smoot,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  W.  B.  Stachan,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  O.  W. 
Spencer,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  T.  W.  Brown,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  T.  J. 
Jeorme,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Dr.  W.  B.  TrantUau,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr. 
E.  B.  Neave,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Dr.  W.  L.  Crump,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Cap 
tain  W.  C.  Coughenour,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Hon.  Walter  Murphy,  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  Mr.  C.  R.  Barker,  Salisbury,  N.  C,,  Mr.  P.  B.  Beard,  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  Mr.  W.  F.  Snider,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  W.  S.  Blackuier,  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  Mr.  J.  D.  Norwood,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Dr.  R.  V.  Brawley,  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  Mr.  Theo.  Buerbaum,  Salisbury,  N.  C,,  Rev.  Byron  Clark,  Salisbury' 
N.  C.,  lion.  Burton  Craige,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  O.  D.  Davis,  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  Rev.  M.  M.  Kinard,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  J.  M  McKenzie,  Salis 
bury,  N.  C.,  Rev.  S.  B.  Turrentine,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  T.  H.  Vander- 
ford,  Sr.,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr.  Walter  H.  Woodson,  Salisbury,  N.  C., 
Rev.  W.  B.  Dutters,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  C.  C.  Adams,  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Mr. 
John  D.  Brown,  Raleigh,  N.  C. 


GUESTS  PRESENT  FROM  PENNSYLVANIA. 

Gov.  Edwin  S.  Stuart,  Ilarrisburg,  Pa.,  Lieut.  Gov.  Robert  S.  Murphyy, 
Johnstown,  Pa.,  Mrs.  Robert  S.  Murphy,  Johnstown,  Pa.,  General  Thomas 
J.  Stewart,  Ilarrisburg,  Pa.,  Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Stewart,  Ilarrisburg,  Pa., 
Col.  Horace  L.  Ilaldeman,  Chickies,  Pa.,  Col.  Frank  Patterson,  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  Col.  Lewis  L.  Brown,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J.,  Lieut.  Col.  James  M.  Reid, 
Connellsville,  Pa.,  Lieut.  Col.  Walter  L.  Bradley,  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
Lieut.  Col.  Lewis  E.  Beitler,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Lieut.  Col.  Fred  Taylor 
Pusey,  Lansdowne,  Pa.,  Lieut.  Col.  Chas.  A.  Rook,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Lieut. 
Col.  J.  Warner  Hutching,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Lieut.  Col.  John  R.  Wiggins, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  William  Stewart,  Scotland,  Pa.,  John  F.  Cox,  Home 
stead,  Pa.,  Edward  F.  Blewitt,  Scranton,  Pa.,  Rev.  J.  W.  Sayers,  Phila- 


62  PENNSYLVANIA  AT  SALISBURY. 

delphia,  Pa.,  L.  W.  Moore,  Commander  Dept.  of  Penn'a  G.  A.  R.,  Phila 
delphia,  Pa.,  Chas.  A.  Suydam,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Bennie  Strause,  Har 
risburg,  Pa.,  John  H.  Reibel,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Hon.  Jas.  F.  Woodward, 
McKeesport,  Pa.,  E.  C.  Dewey,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  Hon.  David  Wilbert! 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Archibald  C.  Millar,  Ilarrisburg,  Pa.,  Mrs.  Archibald  G' 
Millar,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  Thomas  M.  Jones,  Ilarrisburg,  Pa!,  A.  Boyd 
Hamilton,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  Willis  G.  Newbold,  Ilarrisburg,  Pa.,  Chas  C. 
Miller,  Harrisburg.  Pa.,  John  M.  Bonbright,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  William 
Simpson,  Oliphant,  Pa.,  Mrs.  William  Simpson,  Oliphant,  Pa.,  Stephen 
Toole,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  J.  Denny  O'Neil,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  John  A.  Fair- 
man,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  I.  K.  Campbell",  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  R.  J.  Cunningham, 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Captain  John  C.  Delaney,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  Mrs.  John  O. 
Delaney,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  Dr.  M.  L.  Jones,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Mrs.  J.  Sharp 
McDonald,  Sewickley,  Pa.,  Miss  Sylvia  Rosensteel,  Sewickley,  Pa. 

Mrs.  William  H.  Bricker,  Carlisle,  Pa.,  Miss  Caroline  Fishburne,  Car 
lisle,  Pa.,  Captain  William  Ziegler,  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  Mrs.  William  Ziegler, 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  Mrs.  John  N.  Speel,  Washington,  D.  C.,  Mrs  James  D. 
Walker,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Miss  Helen  H.  Walker,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Miss 
Dorothy  D.  Walker,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Col.  Joseph  K.  Weaver,  Norristown, 
Pa.,  Major  John  H.  Duvall,  Wayne,  Pa.,  Austin  Curtin,  Curtin  Centre, 
Pa.,  Miss  Marie  H.  Fairman,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  J.  Harry  Halcomb,  Phila 
delphia,  Pa.,  Col.  Robert  S.  Beath,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Lieut.  Col.  Wm. 
J.  Elliot,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  General  Wm.  G.  Price,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Hon. 
Gabriel  H.  Moyer,  Lebanon,  Pa.,  Sergt.  William  L.  Hicks,  Harrisburg, 
Pa.,  Sergt.  Leo.  Luttringer,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  D.  H.  Ellinger,  Harrisburg, 
Pa. 


Souvenir  Badge  Presented  to  Survivors  and  Guests  by  the 
Commission. 


ROSTER  OF  APPLICATION  FOR 

^Trangportatton  to  ^afelmrp,  ^orti)  Carolina, 


UNDER  PROVISIONS  OF  ACT  OF  ASSEMBLY, 
APPROVED  MAY  13,  1909 


(63) 


(64) 


ROSTER  OF  APPLICATIONS  FOR 
Transportation  to  Salisbury,  North  Carolina. 


Name. 

M 

Company. 

i 

Address. 

Annhurst,  Henry  B.,  
'Barber,  Stephen,  
Barnes,  Hugh  G., 

Private,.... 
Private,.... 
Private 

I, 

G, 
K 

nth  

184th,    
10th 

Box       415,        Greausburg, 
Westmoreland    Co. 
R.    F.    D.    No.    4,    Delta, 
York  Co. 
Darlington     Beaver   Co 

Bash,  Michael,  _. 
Bateman,  Joseph  P.,  _ 

Corp  
Private, 

o, 

E, 

4th  Cav'ly... 
45th, 

Box     565,     Apollo,     Arm 
strong  Co. 
Park  Ave    &  6th  St      Ty 

Beck,  Emanuel  H.,  

Private, 

E, 

104th, 

rone,  Blair  Co. 
1527  N    13th  St      Philadel 

*Bidwell,   John  W., 

Private, 

L, 

2nd 

phia,    Philadelphia  Co. 
Arlington    Wayne  Co 

*Billet,   William  H.,   

Private,  

F, 

12th, 

2425   N.    18th   St.,    Phila 

*Black,   Robert  P.,   
*Blankhorn,   Andrew,   

Private,.... 
Private, 

E, 
B, 

103rd  
191st, 

delphia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
R.  F.  D.  No.  77,  Chicora, 
Butler  Co. 
R.  F.  D.  No    1,  Reading, 

Bookman,  John  N  

Private,  

K. 

45th, 

Berks  Co. 
838  Blunston   St       Colum 

Bowen,  John  C.,   ...  

Private,  

A, 

90th, 

bia,   Lancaster  Co. 
2144  Van  Pelt  St      Phila 

Bowen,  Levi  A., 

Private,  

H, 

7th, 

delphia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
New     Cumberland,     Cum 

Bricker,    David,   __  _. 

Private, 

D, 

200th, 

berland    Co. 
528    Curtin     St.,     Harris- 

Bricker,   Peter  D  
Br  inker,  Amos  A., 

Capt  
Sergt  .  , 

F, 

c, 

13th  Cav'ly,.. 
llth 

burg,   Dauphin  Co. 
Jersey     Shore,     Lycoming 
Co. 
Box       154,       Greensburg 

Brown,  Jacob  H.,  
Burkholder,  Samuel  C.,_ 

Private,.... 
Private,  

E, 
H 

llth,    
103rd,    

Westmoreland  Co. 
New     Cumberland,     Cum 
berland   Co. 
132     Water     St.,     Butler, 

Campbell,   George  A., 

Private 

H 

112th 

Butler  Co. 
227    Erie    Ave       Richland 

Campbell,  Irwin  K.,   

Corp  

K, 

190th,    

Center,    Bucks   Co. 
204    Lytton    Ave.,     Pitts 

Campbell     Patrick  H 

Corp  , 

i    F, 

107th 

burgh,  Allegheny  Co. 
Welles       Bldg          Wilkes- 

Carpenter.  David  B.,  ... 

Private,  

C. 

110th  

Barre,  Luzerne  Co. 
Park      Avenue,      Roaring 

Cassidy,  Solomon,  
Chronister,    Dorsey  

Private  
Private,  

K, 
C& 

84th,    
Knd  

Spring,    Blair  Co. 
2202    7th    Ave.,     Altoona, 
Blair  Co. 
Warriors   Mark,    Hunting 

Clark,  Thomas  E.,   
Coleman,  Thomas  L.,  .. 

Com.  Sergt. 
Sergt.,   .... 

A, 

F, 

53rd,  ._  

2nd  Reserves, 

don   Co. 
Opera  House  Bldg.  ,  Clear- 
field,   Clearfleld  Co. 
R.   F.   D.   No.  1,  Tyrone,, 
Blair  Co. 

(65) 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT  SALISBURY. 


Name. 

1 

Company. 

Regiment. 

Address. 

Corbin,  B.  F.,  _  
*Cornman,  B.  F.,  _  
Cook,  Washington  I.,  __ 

Sergt.,   
Private,  
Sergt.,   

C, 
A, 
K, 

13th,   
209th,    
191st  

R.  F.  D.  No.  3,  Hunting 
don,   Huntingdon  Co. 
52  E.    Penn   St.,    Carlisle, 
Cumberland  Co. 
Box  22,    Wesley  ville,    Eric 

*Chambers,    George  H.,_ 
*Davis,  Orlando  L.t  

Private,  

H 

10th, 

Co. 
Harrisburg,    Dauphin   Co. 
Hooper,  Broome  Co.,  New 

*Dempsey,   Richard  A.,__ 

1st.   Sergt., 

C, 

121st, 

Jersey  . 
27  Petorlia  St.,  Bradford, 

Dennis,  James  I.,  

Private, 

E, 

45th 

McKean  Co. 
Wigton,    Clearfleld   Co. 

Dennis    Isaac,        

Private 

F 

190th 

408   N.   5th   St.,    Reading, 

*Dickey,  Aaron  F.,   

Sergt., 

c, 

54th, 

Berks  Co. 
61  N.  Main  St.,  Somerset, 

Diehl,  Jacob,  

Capt. 

c, 

71st 

Somerset  Co. 
Parkers     Landing,     Arm 

Dietrick,  Jacob  R.,  

Private,     .. 

T 

loth, 

strong  Co. 
Millerstown,   Perry  Co. 

Dubois    Delos         

Private 

F 

191St 

Monroeton     Bradford  Co 

Eakin,   William  R.,   

Private 

22nd 

R.    F     D     No     2     Box  30 

Eberhart,  James  W.,     ._ 

Sergt  , 

G, 

191st, 

Tyrone,    Blair    Co. 
14     E.      Stockton     Ave., 

Erwin,  John  P.,  

Private 

B 

103rd 

Pittsburgh,       Allegheny 
Co. 
1512     Penn     A.ve        Pitts 

Everhart,  Foster,  

Private 

F 

107th 

burgh,  Allegheny  Co. 
Wiuburn     Clearfleld  Co 

*Fackender     John 

Sergt 

g 

148th 

Fenlin    Thomas  F.,  

Corp., 

F, 

90th, 

2037  N.  18th  St.,  Philadel 

Filler,  W.  B.,  __  _ 
*Fisher,  Tobias        

Sergt.,   
Private 

I, 
F 

22nd,   ___  
142nd 

phia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
Rainsburg,  Bedford  Co. 
Berlin,   Somerset   Co 

Forrey    Joseph  F 

l^t  Sergt 

jj 

142nd 

4918  Cedar  Ave      Philadel- 

Frazier,  George  W.,  

Private,  

H 

8th,  

phia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
Kittanning,         Armstrong 

Gill,  Samuel  W.,  _  

Sergt., 

0, 

53rd,    

Co. 

Grafton,  Huntingdon  Co. 

Ginter    Henry  C., 

Private 

A 

87th 

654    W.    King    St.,    York, 
York  Co 

Glenn,    John  W.,    

Private 

I 

66th   &•  73rd 

Spring  City,    Chester  Co. 

Goodyear,  Jacob  M., 

Private 

A 

909th 

301  S.  Hanover  St  ,   Car 

Gray    William 

Corp 

Q 

190th 

lisle,  Ci  mberJand  Co. 
Rosemont         Montgomery 

Griffith,    Joseph,   

Sergt 

H, 

84th 

Co. 

5437    Chestnut    St.,    "Fhila- 

•Harris,   John  H.        

delph'a,  Philadephia  Co. 
Uniontown,  Fayette  Co. 

*Harrison.  Newell  S.,  _~ 

Private, 

F, 

7th, 

R.    F.   D.    No.   3,   Box  50, 

Heffley,  Cyrus  P., 

2nd  T  ieut 

F 

149nd 

New     Milford,      Susque- 
hanna  Co. 
5637  Northumberand  Ave., 

Herring    Isaac, 

Private 

y 

116th 

Pittsburgh,        Allegheny 
Co. 
R      F      D      No      3      Pine 

*Hewitt,  William, 

Private 

T, 

107th 

Grove,  Schuylkill  Co. 
SchaefTerstown       I  ebanon 

Houseman,  James  T.,  .. 
Huffman,  William  H.,  _. 

Private,.... 
Sergt.,    

B, 
T>, 

13th  

100th,       

Co. 

Alexandria,       Huntingdon 
Co. 
717    N.    18th    St.,    Harris- 

burg,   Dauphin  Co. 

PENNSYLVANIA  AT   SALISBURY. 


67 


Name. 

K 

a 

a 

Address. 

M 

a 

o. 
S 

| 
'So 

OS 

o 

o 

« 

•Hughes,  John,  
Hummel,  Jonathan,  

Corp.,  

Private,  
Corp.,  

H, 

G, 
F 

107th,       

West        Baltimore        St., 
Greencastle,         Franklin 
Co. 
B.    F.    D.    No.    1,    Ring- 
town,  Schuylkill  Co. 
4753    liberty    Ave.  ,    Pitts 
burgh,  Allegheny  Co. 
Market    St.,    Mt.    Union, 
Huntingdon  Co. 
144      E.      Charles      Ave., 
York  Co. 
323  Grand  St.,  Lewistown, 
Mifflin  Co. 
559  Highland  Ave.,  Johns 
town,  Cambria  Co. 
Logantown,  Clinton  Co. 
R.    F.    D.    No.    1,    Spring 
City,    Chester  Co. 
Ickesburg,  Perry  Co. 
Railroad    St.,    Catawissa, 
Columbia  Co. 
252   N.    Main   St.,    Cham- 
bersburg,  Franklin  Co. 
R.  F.  D.  No.  2,  Red  Lion, 
York  Co. 
4823   Walton   Ave.,    Phila 
delphia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
Elmhurst,         Lackawanna 
Co. 
St.     Petersburg,     Clarion 
Co. 
R.    F.   D.   No.   1,   Susque- 

116th,    _  

63rd,  

Private,.... 
Private,.... 
Sergt.,    -.-. 
Private,.... 

Corp.,  
Private,.... 

Corp.,  
Private  

Private,  
Private,.... 
Capt.,  
Private,.... 
Private 

G, 
A, 
V, 
A, 

B, 
P, 

B, 
F, 

D, 
B, 
F, 

c, 

H, 
G, 

D, 

K, 
E, 

F, 

C, 
B, 

D, 

I, 
G, 
L, 

H, 
D, 

E, 

G, 
G, 
E, 
B, 

149th, 

107th 

Jones,  William  B.,  
*Judy  Samuel 

107th,       .-  .. 

190th,         

Karstetter,  Robert,  
Keeley  John  W.,  

llth, 

97th,    _     

*Kell,  James,  _—  — 
Keller  William 

107th, 

12th    Cav'ly,. 
llth 

*Keltner  John 

*Kibler  Charles  T.,  

2nd     Battl'n 
Pa.  Vol. 
109th    U.    S. 
C.  Inf't. 
6th   Reserves, 

103rd 

Kimes,  Jesse  B.,  _  

*Kimble  Philander, 

*Klin"er  Peter 

Knapp  George 

Private,  .. 

Private,  
Private,  
Corp.,  .... 

Private,  
Private,..-. 
Sergt.,   .... 

Private,  

Private,  
1  Corp.,  
;  1st  Lieut.,  . 

Private,  
Private,.... 
Private,  

Sergt  
•  Corp  , 

152nd 

Knaub  George,  

200th           

hanna,  Susquehanna  Co. 
Saginaw,  York  Co. 
Hustontown,   Fulton  Co. 
10  Plum  Place,   Scranton, 
Lackawanna  Co. 
Apollo,   Armstrong   Co. 
Kylertown,    Clearfleld  Co. 
507      W.      Venango      St., 
Philadelphia,       Philadel 
plna  Co. 
Orbisonia,         Huntingdon 
Co. 
Ringtown,   Schuylkill  Co. 
Muir,  Schuylkill  Co. 
413    Quincy    Ave.,    Scran- 
ton,    Lackawanna  Co. 
McVeytown,  Mifflin  Co. 
Carlisle,    Cumberland   Co. 
1669    Unity    St.,    Philadel 
phia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
R.    F.    D.    No.    4,    Union- 
town,    Fayette  Co. 
New    Stanton,    Westmore 
land  Co. 
West    Decatur,    Clearfleld, 
Co. 
119   Front    St.,    Marietta, 
Lancaster  Co. 
602  9th   St.,   Irwin,    West 
moreland  Co. 

*Laidig,  Jeremiah,  
*Lathrop,  Halsey,  

I  aulTer  John 

22nd   Cav'ly,. 
191st 

llth 

Lewis,  Marshall  H.,  .... 
Logue,  John,  

Malone,  William,  

*Manbeck,  Lucian,  
Manwiller.  Lucian,  
*Mercereau,  Charles,  __. 

Mertz,  William  H.,  

191st, 

90th,    

190th,     

48th,    
107th,    
22nd,    

148th,    

*Miller  Henry, 

190th, 

Montgomery,  John,  
Moore,  Isaac  A.,  
Myers,  Gottlieb,  
Myers,  Joseph  W.,  
MeElroy,  Edward,  
McGuir,  Robert  B.,  

104th 

191st,     

191st,           

Private,  
Private,  

45th,        

45th,    _  

Private,  --.. 

c, 

190th  

68 


PENNSYLVANIA   AT   SALISBURY. 


Name. 

I 

Company. 

Regiment. 

Address. 

"Nicely    Stephen,        

Private 

K, 

10th 

R.   F.  D.   No.  3,  Darling 

Nunamaker.  James  Q..  _ 
Parsons,   O.   A.,  _  

Private  
Major  

G, 
I>, 

10th,    _.  
61st,   

ton,  Beaver  Co. 
49     Wilson     Ave.,     Pitts 
burgh,  N.  S.,  Allegheny 
Co. 
221  N.   Main  St.,   Wilkes- 

*Penfleld    Elijah  S., 

Corp  , 

K 

2nd  Cav'ly 

Barre,  Luzerne  Co. 
R.    F.    D.    No.    35,    Con- 

Pentz,  Henry  C.,  __  

Private,  

A, 

97th,    _  

neautville,  Crawford  Co. 
650   W.    Philadelphia    St., 

Pierce,  Edwin  W.,   

Private,. 

A, 

107th, 

York,  York  Co. 
1429  Berryhill  St.,  Harris- 

Reber,   Franklin,   

burg,   Dauphin  Co. 
Pine  Grove,  Schuylklll  Co. 

Reed,   William  L  

Private,  

K, 

190th, 

129    Bausman    St.,    Pitts 

Reynolds,  Tilton  C.,  

Capt  

H, 

105th, 

burgh,  Allegheny  Co. 
713   N.    Second   St..    Har- 

*RIchter,  Anton,   

Corp., 

H, 

107th 

risburg,  Dauphin  Co. 
2415    Ninth    Ave.,    Beaver 

*RIngrose,    Ellis,    _  

Private 

G 

24th    H     Ar 

Falls,  Beaver  Co. 
Espy,  Columbia  Co. 

Roberts,    Daniel,   _._  

Private,  

I, 

tillery. 
12th, 

Johnsonburg    Elk  Co 

Robertson    James,  

Private, 

D, 

llth 

Ronsh,    William,    

Private 

I 

15th 

Co. 
405  Reily  St     Harrlsburg 

Rupert,    Samuel,   _  

Sergt.,    

H, 

103rd, 

Dauphin  Co. 
Mun  St.,   West  Freedom, 

"Ruth,   Samuel  F.,    

Clarion  Co. 
Philadelphia,    Philadelphia 

Saunders,  William,  

Private, 

K, 

45th, 

Co. 
113     Church     St         South 

Schall,  John  B.f   

Private,  

E, 

148th 

Williamsport,    Lycoming 
Co. 
Bolivar,         Westmoreland 

Shatser.  Richard  

Corp.,  

F, 

lorth,  

Co. 

205    S.    Main    St..    Lewis- 

"Sheriff,  Charles  F  

Private 

K 

100th 

town,   Mifflin  Co. 
306  W.  North  Ave      Pitts 

Shilling,    Samuel,    . 

Private,.. 

E, 

148th 

burgh,  N.  S.,  Allegheny 
Co. 
Ringgold,   Jefferson  Co. 

Shindler,   Henry  C., 

Private 

E 

107th 

321     Walnut     St        York 

Shimer,  Isaac,         .  . 

Private 

I 

llth  Cav'lv 

York  Co. 
15     Main     St        Bangor 

*Sipe,   Jeremiah,        

Private 

o 

12th  Cav'ly 

Northampton   Co. 
Race  St      Highspire    Dau 

Smith,  George,  

Private,.... 

T, 

190th,    _  

phin  Co. 
606    Third    St.,    Juniata, 

Snyder,   Daniel,   . 

Private, 

D, 

84th 

BlaJr  Co. 
Selinsgrove,   Snyder  Co. 

Snyder,  G.  W.,      ..  .. 

Private, 

o, 

28th 

Orblsonia,         Huntingdon 

"Snyder,   James  P.,   _ 

Private 

G 

190th 

Co. 
3    N     East    St       Carlisle 

Snyder,  Nicholas 

Private 

G 

107th 

Cumberland  Co. 
1409    Shady    Ave       Pitts 

Scenberger.   David,    
*Stabl.  WUllam  N.,  
Stair,  George  O.,        

Private,  
Private,  
2nd  Lieut 

E, 
G, 
A 

2nd  H.  Artil 
lery. 
2nd  H.  Artil 
lery. 
107th 

burgh,   Allegheny  Co. 
336   Hummel   St..    Harris- 
burg,   Dauphin  Co. 
Light    St.,    East    Blooms- 
burg,  Columbia  Co. 
281    E      King    St        York 

York  Co. 

PENNSYLVANIA  AT   SALISBURY. 


Name. 

4 

i 

Company. 

Regiment. 

Address. 

Serct 

D, 

142nd,    

New    Stanton,    Westmore 

Private 

E 

107th 

land  Co. 
131  W.  Heigh  St.,  Gettys 

Private 

I, 

107th,    

burg,  Adams  Co. 
1837    N.    6th   St.,    Harris- 

Stover,   Philip  D.,   
Strickland    Myron 

Sergt.,   
Private,  

B, 
F, 

llth  
53rd,    

burg,  Dauphin  Co. 
835    E.    Philadelphia    St., 
York,  York  Co. 
286  Ridge  Ave.,  Kingston, 

Capt 

E 

191gt 

Luzerne  Co. 
Villa  Nova,  Delaware  Co. 

Sweigard,  Joseph  B.,  

1st  Sergt.,_ 

D! 

107th,    

915   Mellon    St.,    Philadel 

Private 

i 

15th, 

phia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
6    Hale    St.,     Lewistown, 

Private  

O 

23rd  

Mifflin  Co. 
1029  Fernen  St.,  Philadel 

Trutt,  David,        

Private,  

D, 

52nd,    

phia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
Selinsgrove,  Snyder  Co. 

*Vantine,  Abraham  H.,_ 
Varndell    Richard,      

Sergt.,   .... 
Private,.... 

G, 
A, 

llth,    
2nd  Art'ly,  .. 

535  E.  Ninth  Ave.,  Taren- 
tum,   Allegheny  Co. 
Lock    Box    No.    96,    Hop- 

Private 

E, 

191st,         

wood,  Fayette  Co. 
Fayette  City,  Fayette  Co. 

Walter     Charles   F., 

Private,  

B, 

45th,     

Halifax,  Dauphin  Co. 

Bugler, 

G, 

12th,    —  

430   Sixth   Ave.,    Altoona, 

Wannop    Alfred  B 

Private,  

ff; 

104th,    

Blair  Co. 
3320  N.  llth  St.,  Philadel 

Watson    Samuel  B 

Private  

H; 

112th  

phia,  Philadelphia  Co. 
.  29     Ashley     St.,     Ashley, 

Private 

A, 

107th      

Luzerne  Co. 
338  N.  Court  Ave.,  York, 

Private 

D. 

191st,   - 

York  Co. 
R.  F.  D.  No.  1,  Berwick, 

White,  Edward,  

Sergt.,   .... 

D, 
B 

13th  Cav'ly,  _ 
17th 

Columbia  Co. 
1406  E.  Allegheny  St.,  Hol- 
lidaysburg,  Blair  Co. 
Gibson,  Susquehanna  Co. 

Private!    .. 

K 

87th,    __  

P.  O.  Box  446,  New  Cum 

Ziegler,  Edwin  E.,   

Major,   .... 

G, 

107th,    

berland,  Cumberland  Co. 
1404  Main  St.,  Sharpsburg, 

Allegheny  Co. 

*Not  present  at  dedicatory  ceremonies. 


(70) 


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